educational psychology

The word "psychology" has its origin in the Greek word "psyche," which means

• Body

• Soul

• Behavior

• Emotion

Which of the following best describes the scope of psychology?

• It focuses solely on conscious mental processes.

• It studies the interaction between the body and the environment.

• It encompasses the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

• It primarily investigates the physical aspects of the human body.

What is the primary focus of Educational Psychology?

• Studying the behavior of children outside of school

• Understanding teaching and learning in educational settings

• Analyzing human development across the lifespan

• Investigating the neurological basis of learning

Educational Psychology is concerned with

• The history of education

• Designing classroom furniture and equipment

• Enhancing teaching methods and learning outcomes

• Developing standardized tests

William James' suggestion to start lessons just beyond a child's current level of knowledge aligns with the concept of

• Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

• Pedagogical Theory

• Behaviorism

• Standardized Testing

Who is known for emphasizing the importance of observing teaching and learning in classrooms for the improvement of education?

• John Dewey

• Sigmund Freud

• William James

• Erik Erikson

What key recommendation did William James make regarding the initiation of lessons in education?

• Begin lessons at a point where all students are equally challenged.

• Start lessons at a point just beyond the child's current level of knowledge and abilities.

• Begin with simple concepts and gradually introduce complex ideas.

• Commence lessons based on the teacher's preferences.

What approach did B.F. Skinner advocate for in psychology, which involved determining the best conditions for learning?

• Humanistic psychology

• Psychoanalytic psychology

• Behaviorism

• Cognitive psychology

According to B.F. Skinner, why did he reject the study of mental processes proposed by James and Dewey in psychology?

• He believed mental processes were unimportant for understanding behavior.

• He argued that mental processes were observable through scientific methods.

• He considered mental processes too complex to study.

• He believed mental processes were unrelated to behavior.

According to Piaget, what are schemas in the context of cognitive development?

• Fixed, unchangeable mental structures

• Actions or mental representations that organize knowledge

• Inborn instincts and reflexes

• Memory storage units in the brain