ABSOLUTISM AND THE ENLIGHTENMENT 23-24

Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?

• Pax Romana

• Middle Ages

• Age of Exploration

• Scientific Revolution

In this passage, Montesquieu is making reference to

• an enlightened despotism

• a policy of mercantilism

• a separation of powers

• a social contract

One historical development that resulted from the ideas expressed here was the

• End of Feudalism

• French Revolution

• Glorious Revolution

• Neolithic Revolution

Which group’s ideas are best supported by this excerpt

• Enlightened Philosophers

• Absolute Monarchs

• Communists

• Missionaries

Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?

• The king is sacred and answers only to God.

• History is a continuous struggle between social classes.

• Those who are the most fit will survive and succeed.

• All individuals have natural rights

Baron de Montesquieu believed that a separation of powers would

• prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power

• restore authority to the Roman Catholic Church

• increase corruption of political authority

• decrease the power of the middle class

A DEO REX, A REGE LEX — “the king is from God, and law is from the king.”

This quotation best reflects the concept of

• Constitutional Monarchy

• Separation of powers

• Equal representation

• Divine Right Rule

This statement provides support for the

• elimination of laissez-faire capitalism

• formation of government based on a social contract

• continuation of absolute monarchy

• rejection of the natural rights philosophy

Which clause best supports the claim that Catherine was influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment?

• clause 9 stating that the ruler is absolute and can “act with … Vigor.”

• clause 10 arguing that the “Extent of the Dominion requires absolute power.”

• clause 11 criticizing other forms of government that would have “proved its [Russia’s] entire Ruin.”

• clause 14 mentioning the “natural Liberty” of the people who are “rational Creatures.”

What problem (issue) does Baron de Montesquieu identify in this passage?

• Concentration of power

• Lack of natural rights

• Technological advancements

• Direct democracy