Amplify Metabolism Unit Assessment

The space exploration program has hired you for advice on how to keep astronauts healthy in the space shuttle. 

How can the program’s doctors make sure the astronauts’ bodies work well enough to exercise in space?

• 
  The doctors could make sure that the astronauts’ bodies can make enough energy by getting enough sleep.

• The doctors could make sure the astronauts’ stomachs are getting the molecules they need from glucose and oxygen.

• The doctors could make sure the astronauts’ cells are getting the molecules they need from glucose and oxygen.

• The doctors could make sure the astronauts’ cells are getting different types of molecules from food.

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Some types of syrup are almost entirely made of glucose molecules. 

If a person ate some syrup like this, what would happen to her ability to exercise?

• It would be harder for her to exercise because her digestive system would need to use more enzymes to combine the glucose molecules together.

• It would be easier for her to exercise because glucose moves through the circulatory system faster than other food molecules usually do.

• Nothing would happen to her ability to exercise, but her respiratory system would not work as hard, since glucose has more energy than oxygen molecules.

• Nothing would happen to her ability to exercise, but her digestive system would not work as hard, since glucose is already small enough to get to her cells.

  CORRECT ANSWER / SCORE

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Doctors tested a patient and found that his cells contained normal levels of oxygen and glucose molecules, and no starch molecules. 

Will this patient be able to exercise normally?

• Yes, the glucose and oxygen molecules can react together to release energy for the body to function.

• No, his digestive system is not breaking down food molecules; his cells need starch molecules to react with glucose, which releases energy.

• No, his body systems are working, but he needs to eat different food; in cells, only amino acids can react with oxygen to release energy.

• Yes, as long as his cells have glucose, they don’t need anything else to release energy for the body to function.

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Some problems with the digestive system make it very difficult for the body to digest enough food. 

Why would it be harder to exercise when you have a digestion problem like this?

• You would not be able to sleep, which would make you too tired to exercise.

• Your cells would have molecules from air, but would not get enough molecules from food.

• You would need to breathe in a lot more air because your body would have fewer molecules from food.

• You would not get any of the molecules your cells need to exercise.

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The test report shows the level of molecules in different parts of the patient's body.

How would you expect this patient to do on an exercise test?

• Well; his body is working properly.

• Poorly; his digestive system is not combining glucose molecules together for the cells to use.

• Poorly; his digestive system is not breaking down molecules from food into glucose.

• Poorly; his respiratory system is not breaking down oxygen molecule into glucose.

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Two soccer teams, the Bears and the Panthers, played games at the same time in two different locations. The Bears game was played at sea level, where there is a normal amount of oxygen. Before their game, the players on the Bears ate a lunch of mostly starch. The Panthers game was played at very high altitude, where there is less oxygen. The players on the Panthers ate a lunch of starch and protein. 

Which team probably did better in their game?

• The Bears probably did better because their cells released energy from oxygen reacting with glucose, which was broken down from starch in the digestive system.

• The Panthers probably did better because their cells released energy from breaking down protein in the digestive system, which then combined with oxygen in cells.

• The teams did equally well because their digestive systems just need to break down starch into glucose for cells to release energy.

• The teams did equally well because glucose from starch can react with oxygen or proteins to release energy.

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Jamal ate a meal of rice before seeing his doctor. Rice is made of mostly starch molecules. Jamal has been feeling tired a lot, so his doctor gave him a test that found that Jamal’s cells contained normal levels of oxygen and low levels of glucose. 

Does this explain why Jamal has been feeling tired?

• Yes, Jamal’s respiratory system is working, but his digestive system is not turning the oxygen into glucose.

• Yes, Jamal’s respiratory system is working, but his digestive system is not breaking down starch molecules into glucose for his cells.

• Yes, Jamal’s digestive system is working, but his respiratory system has too much oxygen, so his body stopped making energy.

• No, something else must be wrong with Jamal because his cells have all the molecules they need.

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All living things are made of cells.  Animals, plants, and humans are made up of cells working together at different levels to perform specific functions.  

Put the following levels of cellular organization in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST.

• 
  Tissue

  Organ

  Cell

  Organ System

  Organism

• Cell

  Tissue

  Organ System

  Organ

  Organism

• Cell

  Tissue

  Organ

  Organ System

  Organism

• Organism

  Organ System

  Organ

  Tissue

  Cell

Which best states how the parts of the digestive and circulatory systems interact to allow this to occur?

• Nutrients from food enter the intestines and are absorbed by blood vessels that then transport them to other parts of the body.

• Nutrients from food are broken down inside the blood vessels of the body and then transported to the intestines to be absorbed.

• Nutrients from food enter the intestines and are absorbed by blood vessels that then transport them to the pancreas for further digestion.

• 
  Nutrients from food are absorbed by blood vessels in the body and then transported to the intestines to be broken down.

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Cellular respiration is the process that allows you to get the energy you need to live.  Organisms convert oxygen and food molecules into usable energy as well as carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.  In chemical reactions, such as cellular respiration, the chemicals that go into a process called reactants.  The chemicals that come out of a process are called products.

Use the table below to correctly identify which chemicals are reactants and which are products for the cellular respiration.

• A slice of toast you eat for breakfast

• Product

• Carbon Dioxide you breathe out

• Reactant

• The energy used to go for a run

• Product

• Oxygen you breathe in

• Reactant

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