Psyc 206 Exam 2

In behavioral learning theories, which of the following is assumed to be necessary in order to change behavior?

• environmental experiences

• memory processes

• genetics

• maturational processes

All of the following are processes in classical conditioning EXCEPT ______.

• extinction

• generalization

• prompting

• discrimination

In Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiment, the sound of the metronome demonstrates which idea?

• how a neutral stimulus becomes an unconditioned stimulus

• how a neutral stimulus becomes ineffective through extinction

• how a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus

• how an unconditioned stimulus produces an unconditioned response

Cues and prompts are examples of ______.

• Antecedents

• Behaviors

• Consequences

• Discriminations

Which best describes classical conditioning?

• A reward increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated

• A neutral stimulus is paired repeatedly with an unconditioned stimulus.

• An unconditioned stimulus causes an unconditioned response.

• The consequences that follow a behavior affect its likelihood of future occurrence.

Ratio schedules of reinforcement are based on ______.

• the number of times a behavior occurs

• the number of times an antecedent has been used

• the amount of time after the behavior occurs

• the amount of time it takes to complete a behavior

The technique that involves reinforcing small steps that move toward a complete behavior is known as ______.

• generalization

• instrumental conditioning

• reinforcing incompatible behaviors

• shaping

When reinforcement is no longer given for a behavior, ______ is likely to occur.

• continuous learning

• behavioral fluency

• extinction

• satiation

Overall, the most effective and efficient schedules for reinforcing behaviors that are already well established are ______.

• continuous

• fixed

• variable

• positive

Ka-Ling is caught running in the hall, so her teacher asks her to return to the end of the hall and walk this time. This is an example of ___________.

• positive practice

• overcorrection

• shaping

• the Premack principle