psyc 6

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Memory is formally defined as:

• the mental processes that enable us to acquire, retain, and retrieve information.

• a relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of past experience.

• a mental category that is formed by learning the rules or features that define it.

• the global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with the environment

We transfer information into a form that can be entered and retained by the memory system. This process is known as:

• encoding

•  retrieval. 

• storage.

• prospective remembering.

_____ is the process of retaining information in memory so that it can be used at a later time.

• Feedback

•  Encoding

• Storage 

•  Retrieval

According to the stage model of memory:

• the capacity to remember changes with each age and stage of the lifespan.

• memory consists of the stages of maintenance rehearsal, elaborative rehearsal, and clustering.

• memories evolve in stages from simple memories to complex memories.

• memory involves the stages of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Selecting just a few aspects of all the environmental information that's being very briefly registered is a process that initially occurs in:

• short-term memory.

• sensory memory.

• long-term memory.

• working memory.

Short-term memory is often referred to as _____ memory.

• working

• sensory

•   episodic 

• source

Information is stored in short-term memory for about:

• two or three seconds

•  thirty minutes

•  thirty seconds

•   a day

From another room, Jenny called out to Leonard to ask where he had put the car keys. At first, Leonard thought he hadn't heard what Jenny had asked, but a few seconds later, the question registered in his mind, and he answered, “On the coffee table.” Which type of sensory memory can explain this phenomenon?

• echoic memory

• iconic memory

• contextual memory

• semantic memory

Auditory sensory memory:

• can last for up to thirty seconds.

• lasts longer than visual sensory memory.

• is often referred to as iconic memory.

• processes episodic information.

While auditory sensory memory can last for about _____, visual sensory memory lasts for about _____.

• 3 to 4 seconds; half a second

• 3 to 4 minutes; half a minute

• 30 to 40 seconds; half a second

• half a second; 3 to 4 seconds