Industrial Revolution Test Review 1

What change characterized the Second Industrial Revolution?

• the shift towards making goods at home and in small businesses instead of factories
• the replacement of steam and water power with hydroelectric power
• the replacement of steam and water power with animal and human power
• dramatic improvements in technological innovations

Thomas Edison's interest in which of the following led him to the discoveries for which he is known?

• developing a way to mass produce goods
• bringing electric lights into American homes
• allowing humans to fly
• studying the universe

What change characterized the Second Industrial Revolution?

• a movement toward making goods in private homes and small workshops instead of in factories.
• the replacement of steam and water power with electrical power.
• the replacement of steam and water power with animal and human sources of power.
• dramatic improvements in farming technology.

Why was the transcontinental railroad important?

• It promoted trade and provided jobs for many Americans.
• It encouraged the development of new ways of making steel.
• It prevented the West from being developed too quickly.
• It enabled Americans to settle the West.

Among the advantages of a corporation are

• the ability to raise money and use it for expansion.
• the legal status as an individual and the ability to make quick decisions.
• the efficiency and pay scales.
• the low taxes and the ability to change directors.

The economic theory of laissez-faire capitalism proposes that

• Command economies should provide the greatest opportunity for national growth.
• Governments should not interfere with business.
• The nobility should have strict control over business and industry.
• The practices of mercantilism should be expanded.

Read the excerpt on child labor and answer the question: Why did factory and mine bosses want to hire children for some jobs?

• They wanted to help families make more money.
• The quickness and size of the children made them especially useful.
• Children made twice as much money as adults.
• Children already worked on farms.

Read the excerpt on child labor and answer the question: Why did parents accept child labor in factories and in mines?

• They wanted to help families make more money.
• The quickness and size of the children made them especially useful.
• Children made twice as much money as adults.
• Children already worked on farms.

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, many changes occurred in U.S. agriculture as a result of industrialization. Which is one way industrialization affected agriculture?

• It decreased the amount of land available for cultivation.
• It reduced the amount of labor needed to grow crops.
• It decreased opportunities to grow a variety of crops.
• It delayed the transportation of crops to market.

The economic development of the United States between 1870 and 1950 helped produce the results shown in the graph above. The trend shown in the graph is associated with

• technological advances
• decreased immigration
• advances in communication
• reduced population growth