3 - Electrons

What is an electron?

• An electron is a negatively charged subatomic anti-particle that can be either bound to an atom or free (not bound)

• An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free (not bound)

• the negatively charged antiparticle of proton, which have the same mass but opposite charge

• a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation

Which is not a characteristics of electrons?

• wave and matter properties

• move freely everywhere

• point-like particles in a zeroth dimension

• so small that can be considered as a point

Which of the particle that defines the chemical properties of an element?

• nucleons (both protons and neutrons)

• only protons, not neutrons, although they are both nucleons

• every electron

• valence electrons

What stabilize electrons in atoms, preventing them from escaping the atom?

• the repulsing forces of the electrons towards each other

• the strong interaction and the weak interaction

• the attracting forces of the nucleus to electrons

• gravity

Electron can absorb which particles to get to the excited states?

• protons

• other electrons

• neutrons

• photons

Which equation help humanity to visualize the shape of atomic orbitals?

• 
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• 
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What interaction what electrons have towards each other? (Red Arrows)

• Attractive force

• Normal force

• Repulsive force

• Frictional force

Why does the first ionization energy of noble gases is generally more positive than of other elements?

• Because their electron configuration is perfect and it requires an enormous amount of energy to ruin it.

• Because electrons, in general, tends to stay in orbitals and getting them out of their existing state would take up energy

• Because the process goes against the tendancy of "increasing entropy"

• Because this process is endothermic while the other are exothermic

What is the anti-particle of an electron?

• proton

• photon

• posistron

• antineutrino

The aborbance of photons would take an electron from ground state to excited states, the energy of which is ΔE > 0. In the reverse process, when an electron goes from an excited state to the ground state, it release an amount of ΔE'. What is the comparison of ΔE and ΔE', in the reality?

• ΔE < ΔE'

• ΔE > ΔE'

• ΔE = ΔE'

• ΔE is irrelavent to ΔE'