Nature of Human Beings

People are incongruent

• when they can't make their own decisions

• when real-self and self-concept don't align

• when they think they have no choices

• when they have low self-esteem

Incongruence is a key concept of

• CBT theory

• Psychodynamic Theory

• REBT Theory

• Person-Centred Theory

Becoming a fully functioning person is the result of

• Self-belief

• Self-respect

• Self-actualisation

• Self-esteem

The psychodynamic description of human personality includes

• the ID, EGO and SUEREGO

• the hierarchy of needs

• the thinking, feeling, behaviour cycle

• the organismic valuing process

Defence mechanisms are used to

• to avoid anxiety and conflict

• to build confidence

• to protect others

• to nurture relationships

Childhood experiences

• determine adult personality and behaviour

• don't influence adult personality and behaviour

• are an excuse for adult personality and behaviour

• influence adult personality and behaviour

According to psychodynamic theory, much of human behaviour is driven by

• understanding the pros and cons of a situation

• cognitive responses

• unconscious processes

• conscious processes

According to CBT theory, feelings and behaviours are determined by

• events

• theories

• thoughts

• others

Distorted Cognitions are based on

• theory

• evidence

• experience

• fantasy

Human beings are damaged by relationships and need what to heal?

• Therapy

• Relationship

• Money

• Success