Unit 1 _Biochemistry Review

Many of water's special properties are caused by its polarity. What does it mean for water to be polar?

• Water molecules are each attracted to one particular side of a magnet.

• Water molecules have a relatively small temperature range for being in liquid form.

• In a water molecule, electrons are shared equally among all of the atoms that make up the molecule.

• In a water molecule, some atoms have a slight positive charge and some have a slight negative charge.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

In trees, water is able to move from the roots to the leaves, against the downward pull of gravity. Which of water's special properties allows water to rise to the tops of trees?

• Capillary action

• Versatile solvent

• High heat capacity

• Expansion upon freezing

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Water is important for organisms to maintain homeostasis in a number of ways. For example, many animals and plants allow water to evaporate from their epidermis when they are in hot temperatures, in order to cool the organism's body. Which property of water BEST explains this phenomenon?

• Water has a high heat capacity, allowing it to moderate body temperature quite effectively.

• Water is a versatile solvent, allowing it to dissolve salts that are removed during evaporation.

• Water expands upon freezing, when the hydrogen bonds allow it to form a crystal structure.

• Water exhibits cohesive behavior, so when water is released from the body more can follow.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Henry and Janay have been studying the unique properties of water in their environmental science class. Henry decides they will go fishing during winter. He is sure they will catch fish. Janay believes it is not possible because all the fish die once the lake freezes. Who is correct and why?

• Janay, is correct because the lake freezes completely causing the fish to die.

• Henry is correct because water floats when frozen, creating an ice layer at the top of the lake that insulates the liquid with the fish below.

• Henry is incorrect because fish cannot survive in extreme environments.

• Henry and Janay are both incorrect because fish do not live in lakes that freeze.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Janey finds a glass of water in the freezer. It is filled to the brim and completely frozen. What will happen if she allows the ice to melt completely?

• The water level will stay the same.

• The water will overflow out of the glass.

• The water level will lower.

• None of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of these nitrogenous bases?

• The sequence of nitrogenous bases determines the types of proteins synthesized by the cell.

• The number of nitrogenous bases determines the types of carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis.

• The sugars attached to the nitrogenous bases determine the types of proteins that catalyze reactions in the cell.

• The phosphates attached to the nitrogenous bases determine the types of carbohydrates broken down for energy by the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of these represents a fatty acid molecule?

• 
• 
• 
• 

A table of four types of carbohydrates is shown below. Which is true of all four of these carbohydrates?

• They are made up of chains of monosaccharides.

• Their only function is to provide an energy source to cells.

• They are synthesized by adding many nucleotides together.

• Their main role in cells is to catalyze biochemical reactions.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which of the following macromolecules typically contains both Nitrogen and Phosphorus?

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic acid

• Carbohydrate

What is the MOST important macromolecule in the synthesis of proteins and why?

• Lipids which provide the short term energy for making proteins

• Nucleic acids as they contain the genetic information to make the proteins

• Simple carbohydrates as they contain the long term energy for continuous protein synthesis

• Enzymes which increase the activation energy needed to synthesize proteins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1