Lesson 3: European Rivalry for the Pacific Northwest

According to Carlos Schwantes, why did Spain show little interest in the Pacific Northwest before 1774?

• The region lacked economic resources and good harbors

• Spain was focused on colonizing Central and South America

• Spain was unaware of the Russian advances towards Alaska

• Spain was too busy with its imperial activities in Mexico

What were the main reasons for Spanish officials to explore the Northwest Coast in the mid-1770s?

• To secure the region as a buffer zone against Russian colonies

• To exploit the economic potential and harbors of the region

• To convert the native Indians to Christianity

• To expand Spain's territory and population in the Americas

How did the Spanish justify their presence along the Northwest Coast to the Indians?

• By promising economic benefits and good harbors

• By emphasizing the spiritual conquest and salvation through Christianity

• By offering protection against Russian and English colonization

• By claiming the territory as their own based on historical rights

What was the main difference between the Spanish and British approaches to the Pacific Northwest?

• The Spanish focused on economic resources, while the British focused on territorial claims

• The Spanish sent traders and missionaries, while the British sent explorers and fur traders

• The Spanish sought to establish colonies, while the British sought to exploit economic opportunities

• The Spanish relied on the Pope's edict, while the British relied on productive use of the territory

What was the outcome of the Nootka Sound controversy between Spain and Britain?

• Spain successfully defended its claim to the Pacific Northwest

• Britain gained control over the Pacific Northwest territory

• Both Spain and Britain agreed to share the Pacific Northwest

• The controversy led to a war between Spain and Britain

What advantage did Britain have over Spain in the contest for the Pacific Northwest?

• Britain had a stronger navy and maritime power

• Britain had a larger population and more settlers

• Britain had a more aggressive approach to colonization

• Britain had a stronger claim based on historical rights

Who led the British expedition to the Pacific Northwest after the Nootka Sound controversy?

• Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra

• George Vancouver

• Peter Puget

• Robert Gray

What did George Vancouver and his crew accomplish during their exploration of the Pacific Northwest?

• They discovered the Northwest Passage through North America

• They established British colonies along the Pacific Coast

• They surveyed and documented the coastline from San Francisco to Vancouver Island

• They successfully traded sea otter pelts with Chinese markets

What did the surveys conducted by George Vancouver prove about the Northwest Passage?

• It was easily navigable and existed through British North America

• It did not exist as an easily navigable route

• It required further exploration to determine its feasibility

• It was already controlled by the Spanish

What advantage did Britain have over Spain in terms of their approach to colonization?

• Britain had a more democratic society and offered more economic opportunities

• Britain had a stronger military and Catholic church

• Britain had a larger navy and more colonies in the Americas

• Britain had a more aggressive and assertive attitude towards colonization