Ethics quiz 2

The idea that “actions are right if they are natural, and wrong if they are unnatural, and people are good or bad to the extent that they fulfill their true nature” describes what ethical theory?

• Natural Law theory

• Virtue Ethics

• Desire satisfaction theory

• Value Theory

1. The quote in Plato’s Euthyphro that asks, “Do the gods love actions because they are pious, or are actions pious because the gods love them?” is the first description of which ethical theory is Divine Command Theory 

2. True or false

• True

• False

According to the Natural Law Theory, what is the path to moral action?

• Determine all of the factors and act.

• Determine what is natural for human behavior, and then do that.

• Immiedeatley do it.

• Do nothing

1. A role model who lives a life of virtue. Someone whose actions you can aspire to, ethically-speaking. These people may be different person-to-person, or in difficult ages and cultures is called what?

• Moral Agent

• Moral Exemplar

• Role model

• Moral example

Who are some Consequentialist thinkers?

• John Staurt Mills

• John Weseley

• G.E More

• Jeremy Bentham

• All of the above

Reorder the following What are the five steps of making the optimific choice within Consequentialism?

• 1. Pick the action that yields the greatest net balance of good over bad.

• For each option, determine the value of its results. (I.e. does it bring more good or bad into the world?)

• Determine all of your potential options in the ethical situation.

• Identify what is intrinsically bad. (I.e. what “bad” you want to minimize).

• Identify what is intrinsically good. (I.e. what “good” you want to maximise)

What is the relationship between Consequentialism and Utilitarianism?

• Both are true

• Consequentialism is the version of utilitarianism.

• 1. Utilitarianism is a version of Consequentialism which emphasizes well-being as the only thing that is intrinsically valuable. Therefore, all ethical choices in the Utilitarian view try to achieve the most well-being in any given situation. 

• Neither are true

Do most Utilitarians consider animals to be part of the moral community? yes or no

• Yes

• no

Describe the difference between moral exemplars and moral agents.

• They can both be true depending on the situation.

• None of the above

• Moral agents are people who are ethically admirable. Moral exemplars are capable of bearing ethical responsibility.

• Moral agents are people who are capable of bearing ethical responsibility for their actions. Moral exemplars are those whose actions are ethically admirable. Therefore, all moral exemplars are moral agents, but not all moral agents are moral exemplars.

1. One who is capable of bearing ethical responsibility for their actions, and who are therefore fit for praise or blame.

• Moral exemplar

• Moral agent

• Role model

• None of the above