According to B.F. Skinner's behaviorist theory, how do children learn words?

• By associating sounds with objects, actions, and events

• By imitating others

• By studying grammar rules

• By memorizing vocabulary lists

What is Noam Chomsky's theory of language acquisition called?

• Behaviorist theory

• Nativist theory

• Social constructivist theory

• Brain-based theory

According to Lev Vygotsky's social constructivist theory, how do children develop language skills?

• Through interaction with others

• By memorizing vocabulary lists

• By studying grammar rules

• By imitating others

What is the purpose of motherese or parentese?

• To teach children proper grammar

• To provide comprehensible input to children

• To correct children's pronunciation

• To encourage children to speak in their native language

According to Stephen Krashen's brain-based theory, what is the role of comprehensible input in language acquisition?

• Comprehensible input is not important for language acquisition

• Comprehensible input is necessary for language acquisition

• Comprehensible input only helps with grammar learning

• Comprehensible input is only important for advanced learners

What is the difference between BICS and CALP?

• BICS is social language use, while CALP is academic language use

• BICS is academic language use, while CALP is social language use

• BICS is the ability to read, while CALP is the ability to write

• BICS is the ability to speak, while CALP is the ability to listen

What does Jim Cummins' theoretical work of social and academic language display in the four quadrants?

• Different language difficulty levels

• Different language proficiency levels

• Different language teaching methods

• Different language assessment techniques

What is the first stage of second language acquisition called?

• Preproduction Stage/Silent Period

• Early Production

• Speech Emergence

• Intermediate Fluency

What are the WIDA English language proficiency standards used for?

• To assess students' language proficiency

• To teach students grammar rules

• To determine students' reading levels

• To evaluate students' writing skills

What is the term for switching or interjecting English and the students' native language?

• Code-switching

• Positive transfer

• Negative transfer

• Translanguaging