Chapter 9 - Cell Respiration

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration? (Select all correct answers).

• prevents the uncontrolled, explosive release of energy

• to store energy in living systems

• to encourage the uncontrolled, explosive release of energy to generate the max amount of ATP

• to have a controlled breakdown of molecules in order to gradually create ATP

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NADH and FADH2 are examples of electron carriers during cellular respiration. What is an electron carrier?

• A molecule that transports oxygen during cellular respiration.
• A molecule that stores energy during cellular respiration.
• A molecule that breaks down glucose during cellular respiration.
• A molecule that can accept and donate electrons during cellular respiration.

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Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are processes that take molecules from low energy to high energy or vice versa. Which option offers the correct correspondence between the energy molecules for each respective process?

• Cell Resp: low to high energy. Food -> NADH -> H2O

  Photosyn.: high to low energy. H2O -> NADPH -> Food

• Cell Resp: high to low energy. Food -> NADH -> H2O

  Photosyn.: low to high energy. H2O -> NADPH -> Food

• Cell Resp: high to low energy. Food -> NADH -> H2O

  Photosyn.: low to high energy. H2O -> NADH -> Food

• Cell Resp: high to low energy. H2O -> NADH -> Food

  Photosyn.: low to high energy. Food -> NADPH -> H2O

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What ways can ATP be made during cellular respiration? Select all that applies.

• Oxidative Phosphorylation

• Substrate Level Phosphorylation

• Pyruvate Phosphorylation

• Enzymatic Phosphorylation

The end product of glycolysis that is used in the next phase of aerobic cellular respiration.

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When glucose is transported into a cell from the bloodstream, it is almost immediately phosphorylated by an ATP molecule. Why does this happen? Select all that applies.

• Makes the glucose less stable and more reactive to allow more energy to be released when it is broken down.

• Glucose buildup in the blood prompts fat production and so your body naturally wants to avoid this.

• ATP is naturally attracted to glucose and therefore wants to attach to glucose to get to a lower energy level.

• Keeps [glucose] in the cell low to ensure glucose is always coming in.

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What is the most important enzyme in glycolysis? It phosphorylates fructose 6-phosphate and is critical in aerobic cellular respiration.

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Which option is NOT a product of pyruvate oxidation?

• H+ (Protons)

• water (H2O)
• acetyl-CoA
• carbon dioxide (CO2)
• NADH

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The citric acid cycle is referred to as a cycle because:

• Its purpose is to continuously make ATP and NADH, thus allowing it to be referred to as a cycle

• The reaction takes place in a small circle within the mitochondrial matrix.

• The starting material is also the end product.

• Acetyl-CoA is oxidized to make ATP and NADH, which are the same products from glycolysis (beginning stage of cell resp.)

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The beginning and ending molecule from the citric acid cycle:

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