Author's tone/attitude

Most people would agree with the definition of good health as being a state where you are free from sickness. Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can actually have good health. People used to only think of their health when they were sick. But these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that they do not get sick in the first place. In this article I will describe a few of S the most common things that you can do to stay healthy.

One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not everyone agrees on exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house are helpful. Other people do heavy exercise everyday such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any kind of exercise is good for you.

10 Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like vegetables and fruits should be eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods high in fiber such as beans, grains, fruit and vegetables. Fiber helps your body to digest the food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of getting some cancers, heart disease and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is a good idea.

In today's modem world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause stress for different people. Money problems, work and relationships with other people can all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress, people need to be aware of what causes them and find ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives.

There are several ways to fight against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce 20 stress. Other activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you can also reduce stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future. think

(Adapted from: http:/www.es/readinglessons.com/good_health.html

The author's attitude regarding good health in the passage is...

• pessimistic

• assertive

• objective

• responsive

• reactive

With a growing number of consumers demanding more Earth-friendly practices from the fashion world. scientists are developing new ways to produce textiles that could help meet rising expectations. They report in the ACS journal Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research one such method that can dramatically reduce the amount of energy it takes to bleach cotton while improving the quality of the popular material.

These scientists point out that the cotton industry's current whitening techniques require bleaching the natural fiber at very high tempera-tures with hydrogen peroxide. Although this method results in the bright white material consumers have grown so fond of it also lowers the quality of the material and takes a lot of energy to carry out. Multiply that by the 7.3 billion pounds of cotton produced in the US. alone, and the energy needs soar. To cut down on the energy the textile industry uses to make cotton, they targeted their efforts toward lowering the bleaching technique's high temperatures.

This group of scientists developed a novel compound that, when used with hydrogen peroxide, drops the bleaching temperature down to 140 degrees Fahrenheit from 200 degrees. It is estimated that 60 degree difference would result in a process requiring less than half the energy as the commercial technique. It also produced less waste water, improved the weight of the ma-terial and performed its original function whitening the cotton. Since many materials des-tined to become clothing eventually take on various hues, the scientists also tested dyes and found the cotton bleached at the lower tempera-ture could be made just as vibrant as its high-heat counterpart. They successfully showed the treatment's effectiveness on knitted cotton fabric in commercial scale trials.

The tone of this passage could be best described as...

• emotional

• informative

• disinterested

• exaggerated

• concerned

There are numerous consequences due to illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector. Revenues lost by govemments caused by illegal logging results in decrease of their ability to invest in the forestry sector. This has an effect on poverty levels, primanrily because of the revenue lost by governments. As a result, this reduces their financial capability as well as the programs that could be implemented to help the poor.

Moreover, poor people are not in a position to influence political bodies. This keeps them from accessing the forest resource. Finally, the resource's low cost contributes to an increase in waste and provides very little Incentive to buy timber harvested from forests managed in a sustainable manner. Inadequate forest law enforcement and governance in other countries can also threaten sustainable forest management.

As for the direct negative consequences of illegal logging on the wood products industry, their effect Is to simultaneously increase harvesting and Increase the availability of timber, thus lowering the price for producers. The price decrease suffered by producers can lead to unfair competition, thus reducing the profitability of legal companies Illegal logging is a disincentive to sustainable forest management. The illegal timber trade threatens not only the viability of legal trade, but also its reputation.

Despite the negative impacts some stakeholders might benefit from illegal forest activities, such as consumers who could benefit from lower prices and national industries that could increase their competiveness by having access to lower timber prices.

Several initiatives have emerged to combat illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector, Among them, it is important to mention the policy statements issued by wood producers' associations, government initiatives which range from procurement policies to the signature of memoranda of understanding between countries, and the procurement policies of major do-it-yourself centers.

Other more practical solutions are being put forward to reduce illegal logging and trade. Some of those solutions relate more to timber trade. There is no doubt that forest certification is seen, for some as a tool among many others, that enables control over the illegal wood trade, especially when it comes to the chain of custody. Also, there are other methods presently used or put forward to help combat illegal logging and illegal trade. They include log tracking systems, legality license-based verification systems such as labeling private and public procurement policies, international cooperation and coordination on trade statistics information exchange on Illegal logging and illegal trade and study of possible trade-relate measures.

What is the author's attitude towards illegal lodging?

• concerned

• pessimistic

• optimistic

• neutral

• critical

Strategic flooding is a highly risky tactic. It can only be successful if there's a well-thought-out backup plan and a plan for fast repairs. Flood can result in loss of life and damage homes and businesses, and when the water remains inland for a long time, it can change the landscape through erosion and deposition, forming new tidal channels and creeks.

5 During the Eighty Years War, as the Spanish army fought to recapture territory in what is now northern Belgium and southwestern Netherland in the late sixteenth century, the Dutch rebels led by William of Orange decided to use the low-lying, flood-prone landscape to their advantage. In an attempt to liberate Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp from Spanish dominance and defend their territory, the rebels destroyed seawalls at strategic places from 1584 to 1586 to cause deliberate, large-scale floods.

10 The area flooded during the Eighty Years War became part of strategic line of defense and remained inundated for more than 100 years in some places, with profound consequences for the landscape. The plan got completely out of hand, and it came at the expense of the countryside of northtern Landers, now Zeeland Flanders.

After water receded, a thick layer of clay covered all remnants of buildings and roads in the area. As sea 15 water was used, soil salinity increased, affecting agricaltural yields, being as damaging as floods caused by heavy rainfall or storm surges.

The tone of the author is best described as...

• sympathetic

• disastrous

• objective

• nostalgic

• upset

Mina is always doing something exciting and trying new things – learning to surf, travelling and experiencing new foods. She's very ....

• ambitious

• cautious

• adventurous

• thoughtful

I don't think I could ever do what she does. I'd be afraid that I'd get lost or hurt. I'm a little too ...

• adventurous

• critical

• cautious

• unreliable

Joanna is always sure that things are going to be fine. I'm glad she's so ... , but sometimes it's hard to work with her because I look closely at what will probably happen.

• optimistic

• realistic

• unrealistic

• thoughtful

Larry, however, always either hands his work in late or forgets to do it altogether. He's pretty ...

• unrealistic

• irresponsible

• disorganised

• thoughtless

Bella never says 'thank you', and she always forgets everyone's birthdays. People get very annoyed with her because she's so ...

• thoughtful

• thoughtless

• ambitious

• realistic

it's going to take time and a lot of hard work. If you're not ... about how much time and effort achieving your goals can take, it's easy to get frustrated.

• ambitious

• realistic

• optimistic

• pessimistic