What was the main goal of the Crusades?

• To conquer Jerusalem from the Muslims

• To establish Christian strongholds in the Holy Land

• To unite the Eastern Orthodox Church with the Roman Catholic Church

• To persecute Christians visiting the region

Why was Jerusalem considered holy to Jews?

• Because it was the place where Jesus was crucified and buried

• Because it was the birthplace of Jesus

• Because it was the place where Moses received the Ten Commandments

• Because it was the place where Muhammad ascended to heaven

Who were the Turkish Muslims that conquered Jerusalem?

• North African Muslims

• Persian Muslims

• Arab Muslims

• Ottoman Muslims

Who called for the First Crusade?

• Pope Urban II

• Emperor Frederick Barbarossa

• King Richard the Lion-Hearted

• Saladin

What was the outcome of the First Crusade?

• The Crusaders successfully conquered Jerusalem

• The Crusaders were defeated by the Muslim army

• The Crusaders established Christian states in the Holy Land

• The Crusaders were driven out of the Holy Land

Who was the Muslim leader who drove European Christians out of Jerusalem?

• Saladin

• Pope Urban II

• Emperor Frederick Barbarossa

• King Richard the Lion-Hearted

Who fought in the Third Crusade?

• Richard the Lion-Hearted, King Philip Augustus, and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa

• Pope Urban II, Saladin, and King Richard the Lion-Hearted

• Saladin, King Philip Augustus, and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa

• Richard the Lion-Hearted, Saladin, and Pope Urban II

What was the outcome of the Third Crusade?

• The Christians successfully drove the Muslims out of the Holy Land

• The Christians were defeated by the Muslim army

• The Christians established Christian states in the Holy Land

• The Christians were driven out of the Holy Land

What was the result of the Fourth Crusade?

• The Crusaders successfully conquered Jerusalem

• The Crusaders were defeated by the Muslim army

• The Crusaders attacked Constantinople instead of the Holy Land

• The Crusaders established Christian states in the Holy Land

What was the overall outcome of the Crusades?

• The Christians successfully conquered the Holy Land

• The Muslims successfully defended the Holy Land

• The Christians and Muslims reached a peaceful resolution

• The Crusades did not accomplish their main goal