Political Revolution Test Review

Junta

• French general (military hero) who became emperor of the French, accepted by the people of France because they hoped that he would bring stability to the country.
• 1215 document that listed the rights of English citizens and limited the power of the English monarch. Rights included trial by jury, no taxation without representation and protection of the law. American Colonist used it to create the phrase"NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION"
• Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)
• A group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power

Revolution

• An attempt to overthrow the existing political structure and put another type of political structure in its place
• Derived from those who are governed.
• Region of the World that the American and French Revolutions would have the biggest impact.
• Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French.

John Locke

• 17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property. That people have the responsibility to overthrow the government if it does not protect your rights.
• Absolute monarchs believed god chose them
• Failed to meet the political needs of their people.
• Self evident truths. Unalienable rights - Life liberty and happiness Right to rebel - when government becomes destructive and violates inalienable rights. Spells out reasons why the Americans were rebelling against the King. "No taxation without representation".

Pre-Revolutionary Governments

• Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)
• Eliminated the three estates, called for equality and set up a democracy in France.
• Failed to meet the political needs of their people.
• 17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property. That people have the responsibility to overthrow the government if it does not protect your rights.

Magna Carta

• 1215 document that listed the rights of English citizens and limited the power of the English monarch. Rights included trial by jury, no taxation without representation and protection of the law. American Colonist used it to create the phrase"NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION"
• Power crazy. Dominated the Committee of Public Safety. Started the first Reign of Terror!!....which ended with his arrest and execution.
• Lead struggles to gain freedom for people of their nations.
• Absolute monarchs believed god chose them

Bourgeoise

• In colonial Spanish America, term used to describe someone of European descent born in the New World.
• Derived from those who are governed.
• French middle class that was formed during the French Revolution. The political power of the country would shift to this group.
• The clergy made up a very small percentage but owned 10% of the land; the nobles made up another small percentage but also owned most of the land; and the rest of the people made up 97% of France and owned very little land

Napoleon Bonaparte

• Failed to meet the political needs of their people.
• French general (military hero) who became emperor of the French, accepted by the people of France because they hoped that he would bring stability to the country.
• Lead struggles to gain freedom for people of their nations.

South America

• A government committee made during the Reign of Terror. It dealt with all foreign and international rebellions against the republic. Led by Maximilien Robespierrre.
• Derived from those who are governed.
• Self evident truths. Unalienable rights - Life liberty and happiness Right to rebel - when government becomes destructive and violates inalienable rights. Spells out reasons why the Americans were rebelling against the King. "No taxation without representation".
• Region of the World that the American and French Revolutions would have the biggest impact.

Latin American Nationalist

• People that believed that could not rest until the Spanish chains were lifted off of their countries.
• Region of the World that the American and French Revolutions would have the biggest impact.
• In colonial Spanish America, term used to describe someone of European descent born in the New World.
• Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French.

Toussaint L' Ouverture

• A government committee made during the Reign of Terror. It dealt with all foreign and international rebellions against the republic. Led by Maximilien Robespierrre.
• Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French.
• French middle class that was formed during the French Revolution. The political power of the country would shift to this group.
• A group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power