Bio - Ch 6 Metabolism

Match energy terms

• KE associated w/ atomic motion (heat)

• Mechanical E

• PE stored in chemical bonds

• Thermal E

• motion (ions move in cell or walking)

• Chemical E

• category of "stored" energy

• Kinetic E

• category of "motion" energy

• Potential E

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

The ​ (a)   Law of Thermodynamics aka the Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can't be created or destroyed, but it can change ​ (b)   .

We eat an apple so that we can harness the ​ (c)   energy stored in it molecules. The chemical energy in the apple is converted to 2 forms of​ (d)   energy. Our movement is mechanical energy and our body heat is thermal energy.

• form
• 1st
• 2nd
• potential
• kinetic

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-3

Which organelle converts radiant energy from the sun's UV rays into chemical energy in a glucose molecule?

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• ribosomes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Which organelle stores chemical potential energy and processes it into a for for use as kinetic energy

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• ribosomes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The ​ (a)   Law of Thermodynamics tells us that as energy ​ (b)   are not 100% ​ (c)   , because as energy changes form some energy is lost as ​ (d)   .

• 2nd
• 1st
• efficient
• heat
• transformations
• motion

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Entropy is a measure of the ​ (a)   or randomness in a system. For example, glucose is ​ (b)   organized and therefore has ​ (c)   entropy that the molecules that make it. So glucose tends to ​ (d)   to CO2 & H20 which are less organized and therefore have more ​ (e)  

• more
• disorder
• less
• break down
• entropy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

ATP facts

• hydrolysis rxn releases P group

• function is

• ribose sugar

  adenine base

  3 phosphates

• rebuilt from

• exergonic rxn. ADP + P

• provide Energy by

• adenosine tri-phosphate

• made of

• energy carrier for endergonic reactions

• name

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Enzymes ​ ​ (a)   the activation energy needed for metabolic reactions. This makes the reactions happen more ​ (b)   . Enzymes are usually protein molecules and are ​ (c)   for their substrate. The enzyme's active site ​ (d)   with the chemical substrate forming an enzyme-substrate complex. The enzyme and substrate​ (e)   after the reaction is complete.

• quickly
• decrease
• unique
• binds
• separate

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

How do these factors affect enzyme function?

• optimal range is necessary

  ex/ pepsin = 2

• enzyme concentration

• increases function w/ enough substrate

• temperature

• increases function; too high= denaturing

• substrate concentration

• increases function w/ enough enzyme

• pH

​ (a)   are molecules that need to be present for some enzymes to function. ​ (b)   include copper, zinc, and iron. Coenzymes are are ​ (c)   molecules that participate in the reaction. ​ (d)   are needed in our diets for ​ (e)   synthesis, deficiencies in vitamins causes metabolic health disorders such as scurvy or rickets.

• Inorganic cofactors
• non-protein organic
• Vitamins
• Cofactors
• coenzyme