BIOL-1230 Chapter 6 Review

Most components of energy conversion systems evolved very early; thus, the most fundamental aspects
of energy metabolism tend to be:

• quite different among a diverse group of organisms.

• very different among plants and animals.

• the same among the autotrophs but different among heterotrophs.

• the same among prokaryotes but different among eukaryotes.

• very similar in a wide range of different organisms.

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Kilojoules are:

• units of heat energy.

• units of matter.

• units of work.

• units of kinetics.

• units of mechanical change.

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An organism can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings. Thus, any change in an organism's
energy content must be balanced by a corresponding change in the energy content of the surroundings.
As such, an organism is referred to as:

• a closed system.

• an open system.

• a dynamic system.

• a thermally reactive system.

• a potential system.

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Which of the following statements is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics?

• When gasoline is burned, its energy is destroyed.

• Energy can be transferred from one form to another.

• Energy can be converted from one form to another.

• Matter can be converted into energy.

• The amount of energy in the universe is constant.

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Which word is defined by this statement: A measure of this disorder, or randomness?

• energy

• entropy

• enthalpy

• mass

• catabolism

Which of the following accurately represents the relationship between the terms anabolism, catabolism,
and metabolism?

• anabolism = catabolism

• metabolism = catabolism

• catabolism = anabolism + metabolism

• anabolism = catabolism + metabolism

• metabolism = catabolism + anabolism

Pathways that have an overall energy requirement are referred to as:

• catabolic reactions.

• anabolic reactions.

• energy-releasing reactions.

• energetically feasible reactions.

• reactions that will proceed spontaneously.

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The equation, G = H − TS, predicts that:

• as entropy increases, the amount of free energy decreases.

• as enthalpy increases, the amount of free energy increases.

• as enthalpy decreases, the amount of entropy also decreases.

• metabolism decreases proportionately to anabolism.

• metabolism increases proportionately to catabolism.

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An exergonic reaction is considered to be:

• spontaneous.

• potentially spontaneous.

• endergonic.

• nonspontaneous.

• energy requiring.

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When the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, such a reaction is
referred to as:

• an entropic reaction.

• an endergonic reaction.

• an exergonic reaction.

• an enthalpic reaction.

• an activation reaction.

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