Chapter 3.3 Exchange of materials with the environment

What are alveoli?

• Tiny air sacs in the lungs that provide a large surface area for gas exchange

• Finger-like projections of the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption

• Functional units of the kidney responsible for filtering blood plasma

• Tiny blood vessels that transport blood between arterioles and venules

What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

• To increase surface area for absorption

• To filter blood plasma

• To transport blood between arterioles and venules

• To provide a large surface area for gas exchange

What is the function of nephrons in the kidney?

• To increase surface area for absorption

• To filter blood plasma

• To transport blood between arterioles and venules

• To provide a large surface area for gas exchange

What is the function of capillaries?

• To increase surface area for absorption

• To filter blood plasma

• To transport blood between arterioles and venules

• To exchange substances between blood and cells by diffusion

What is the function of bronchi?

• To increase surface area for absorption

• To filter blood plasma

• To transport air from the trachea to the lungs

• To exchange substances between blood and cells by diffusion

What is inhalation?

• The process of releasing air from the lungs into the atmosphere

• The process of taking air into the body, usually through the lungs

• The movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

• The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood plasma

What is diffusion?

• The process of taking air into the body, usually through the lungs

• The process of releasing air from the lungs into the atmosphere

• The movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

• The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood plasma

What are the characteristics of exchange surfaces?

• Thick, dry, small in surface area, far from blood supply

• Thin, moist, large in surface area, close to blood supply

• Thick, moist, small in surface area, close to blood supply

• Thin, dry, large in surface area, far from blood supply

What are the characteristics of gas exchange in alveoli?

• Small number of alveoli, no capillaries, long distance diffusion, absence of moisture

• Large number of alveoli, no capillaries, short distance diffusion, absence of moisture

• Small number of alveoli, presence of capillaries, long distance diffusion, presence of moisture

• Large number of alveoli, presence of capillaries, short distance diffusion, presence of moisture

What is lung capacity?

• The total volume of the lung when fully inflated

• The volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing

• The maximum possible tidal volume due to forced breathing

• The remaining air in the lungs regardless of how hard a person breathes out