Benchmark Review Bio 1.2.2 & Bio 4.1.1

Which of these describes the phases of the cell cycle in the correct order?

• cell growth → DNA replication → preparation for mitosis → cell division

• cell division → DNA replication → preparation for mitosis → cell growth

• DNA replication → preparation for mitosis → cell growth → cell division

• preparation for mitosis → cell division → DNA replication →cell growth

A horse has 64 chromosomes in a liver cell that is beginning mitosis. How many chromosomes will the resulting daughter cells each have?

• 32

• 128

• 64

• 16

When a parent cell divides by mitosis, what will be the genetic composition of the resulting two cells?

• The genetic composition of the daughter cells will be identical to the parent cell.

• The genetic composition of the daughter cells will have major differences from the parent cell.

• The genetic composition of the daughter cells will have minor differences from the parent cell.

• The genetic composition of the daughter cells will have one-half the genes of the parent cell.

Use the image below to answer question:

Organize the images of the mitotic phases in the correct order.

• 2 → 3 → 1 → 4

• 1 → 2 → 3 → 4

• 1 → 3 → 2 → 4

• 3 → 1 → 2 → 4

Use the image below to answer question:

During which phase of the cell cycle is the cell growing and preparing for cellular division?

• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis
• Telophase
• Interphase

Which category of organic molecules is correctly paired with one of its functions?

• proteins – speed up chemical reactions

• carbohydrates –  provides structural component of cell membrane

• lipids – transmits genetic information

• nucleic acids – provides cells with immediate energy

Which of the following carbohydrates are correctly paired?

• cellulose to plants; glycogen to animals

• cellulose to animals; glycogen to plants

• glycogen to protists; cellulose to prokaryotes

• glycogen to prokaryotes; cellulose to protists

Which statements best describes the difference between the structure of nucleic acids and the structure of proteins?

• Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides and proteins are polymers of amino acids.

• Nucleic acids are polymers and proteins are polymers.

• Nucleic acids are polymers of amino acids and proteins are polymers of nucleotides.

• Nucleic acids and proteins are similar in structure; there is no difference between the structure of the organic molecules.

Insulin affects metabolic processes in the body. Insulin allows the cells in the muscles, fat, and liver to absorb glucose that is in the blood. The glucose serves as energy to these cells, or it can be converted into fat when needed. Which of the following correctly identifies insulin?

• Insulin is a protein.

• Insulin is a carbohydrate.

• Insulin is a lipid.

• Insulin is an amino acid.

Which best describes the importance of lipids to organisms?

• Lipids store energy, signal cellular responses, and are structural components of cell membranes.

• Lipids provide genetic information, transport messages, and are the structural components of cell membranes.

• Lipids break down food, transport messages, and provide structural support.

• Lipids provide energy, direct energy usage, and store cellular waste.