Cellular Transport and Energy Conversions

The diagram illustrates the activity of vesicles during a cellular process. Which statement best explains the function of the vesicle? page 30 R

• Delivering packaged materials to the Golgi apparatus for protein synthesis

• Exchanging genetic information between the Golgi apparatuses of separate cells

• Extracting portions of the Golgi apparatus to be regenerated for growth within the cell

• Transporting packaged molecules from the Golgi apparatus to be released out of the cell

Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell? page 29 both; page 30 L

• Sugar molecules move across the plasma membrane until the cell has enough energy to grow in size and divide

• Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane

• Ions move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a higher concentration of positive charges

• Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed metabolism

The illustration represents the movement of materials involved in a process that is vital for the energy production and transfer needs of an organism. What cellular process is taking place and in which organelle is this process occurring? page 25 L

• The cellular process is glucose production, and it takes place in the ribosome

• The cellular process is water storage, and it takes place in the vacuole

• The cellular process is photosynthesis, and it takes place in the chloroplast

• The cellular process is respiration, and it takes place in the mitochondrion

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Which statement explains how producers (plants) are dependent upon consumers (animals) for their survival? page 26 L

• Consumers supply oxygen for producers to undergo aerobic respriration

• Consumers produce carbon dioxide for producers to use during photosynthesis

• Consumers provide chemical energy needed by producers for cellular respiration

• Consumers make lactic acid that producers use in photosynthesis

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

A type of cellular transport is shown. Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport? page 30 L

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

An investigation was set up to study the movement of water through a membrane. The results are shown in the diagram below. Based on these results, which statement correctly predicts what will happen to red blood cells when they are placed in a beaker containing a saltwater solution that has a salt concentration much higher than that of the red blood cells? page 29 both

• The red blood cells will first absorb water, then lose water

• The red blood cells will lose water and decrease in size

• The red blood cells will first lose water, then absorb water

• The red blood cells will absorb water and increase in size

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes? page 25 both

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide

• Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen

• Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The diagram shows cellular activity across a cell membrane. Which two processes does the diagram most directly model? page 30 L

• Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules

• Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis

• Homeostasis and transport of molecules

• Energy conversions and transport of molecules

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The picture shows a contractile vacuole of a unicellular freshwater organism. The contractile vacuole regulates the flow of water into and out of the cell in an aquatic environment. What conditions cause the contractile vacuole to fill with water? page 29 L

• The concentration of water is greater outside the cell than inside the cell

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is higher than the temperature of its environment

• The concentration of water inside the cell is the same as the concentration outside the cell

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is lower than the temperature of its environment

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Vegetable in the produce section of the grocery store are automatically sprayed periodically with water. Which answer choice below best explains why this keeps vegetables crisp? page 29 both

• Water leaves the vegetable cells by diffusion

• Water enters the cells of the vegetables by osmosis

• Osmosis caused salts to enter the vegetables

• Salts in the vegetables caused water to leave the cells

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1