Unit 2: 2.2-2.3

Pablo vainly searches for a screwdriver while failing to recognize that a readily available coin in his pocket would turn the screw. His oversight best illustrates: 

• functional fixedness.
• the availability heuristic.
• belief perseverance.
• the representativeness heuristic.

Advertisers know that a thirty-three percent discount sounds like a better deal than a discount of one third.  This best illustrates:

• framing.
• belief bias.
• representativeness heuristics.
• confirmation bias.

Maintaining one's conceptions even after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited is known as: 

• the representativeness heuristic.
• belief perseverance.
• confirmation bias.
• functional fixedness.

Cognitive Psychologists study

• Mental Concepts

• Problem Solving

• Decision Making

• All of the above

In an attempt to buy the best quality cooking pan, one might assume expensive = best. This is the use of:

• Concepts

• Algorithms

• Heuristic

• Overconfidence

Using a "rule of thumb" to quickly solve a problem is using a

• Heuristic

• Mental set

• Concept

• Bias

Discovering, analyzing, and finding a solution to overcome an obstacle is called

• Thinking

• Thinking about thinking

• Problem solving

• Goal setting

Prototypes are:

• A typical member of a category or mental grouping.

• a specific method for solving a problem.

• the ways words are arranged to make sentences.

• an algorithim.

Relying on information that is more popular or easily available to you and overlooking information that is less common when making a decision.

• Representative heuristic

• concept

• confirmation bias

• availability heuristic

Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls, Mrs. Vedder, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Vedder's surveillance strategy best illustrates ___________. 

• Availability Heuristic

• Confirmation Bias

• The Representativeness Heuristic

• The Framing Effect