Lower face reduction

Meaning of MCAO

• Mandible contra-angles osteotomy

• En-bloc mandibular corpus-angle ostectomy

• Mandibular curved angle ostectomy

Meaning of corticectomy depending of the paper

• Is a surgical procedure to remove a specific portion of the angle cortex for

  correcting lateral appearance

• Is a osteotomy of the mandibular inferior border for correcting asymmetry

• is a surgery in which the mandibular condyle, partially or completely removed

What is the main advantage of using en bloc mandibular corpus-angle ostectomy (MCAO) with a contra-angle handpiece?

• It provides a limited range of motion for bone saws

• It results in stepped deformities and it allows for multistage ostectomies

• It enables accurate and reproducible ostectomies avoiding blind and vertical ostectomy

What is the purpose of using a retractor with an endoscope during mandibular angle reshaping?

• To resect the outer cortex

• To perform corticectomy

• To extend the operative field

• To protect the surrounding tissue

What is the most common minor complication reported in the study?

• Massive bleeding, facial palsy, injury of the facial nerve and over-correction

• Injuries of the facial artery, asymmetry and burns ti the upper lip

• Infection of the wound, persistent numbness of the lower lip, burns to the upper lip and immediate postoperative hematoma

What is the purpose of using a spoon-shaped retractor during mandibular angle reshaping?

• To perform corticectomy

• To extend the operative field

• To avoid stepped deformities

• To protect the surrounding tissue