Unit 5 Review

What government department determines monetary policy?

• The Senate Finance Committee

• Department of Commerce

• The US House of Representatives

• The Federal Reserve

Answer explanation

The Federal Reserve is the government department responsible for determining monetary policy in the United States, managing interest rates and money supply to promote economic stability.

Which government branch sets fiscal policies?

• The Federal Reserve

• The US House of Representatives

• The President

• The Supreme Court

Answer explanation

The US House of Representatives is responsible for setting fiscal policies, including taxation and government spending. The Federal Reserve manages monetary policy, while the President and Supreme Court have different roles.

What is a result of the US Patent system?

• Innovative technologies

• Increased revenue for the government and the economy

• Lack of new things

• Stagnation of the economy

Answer explanation

The US Patent system encourages innovation by granting inventors exclusive rights, leading to the development of innovative technologies. This also generates increased revenue for the government and boosts the economy.

What is one way Congress shapes international trade policy?

• Allowing patents

• Approving budget bills

• Setting income tax levels

• Imposing tariffs

Answer explanation

One way Congress shapes international trade policy is by imposing tariffs, which are taxes on imported goods. This action can protect domestic industries and influence trade relations.

Which kind of judicial decision-making acknowledges the power of judges to promote new social policy by overturning precedent?

• Judicial Activism

• Judicial Restraint

• Judicial Majority

• Judicial Constitutionality

Answer explanation

Judicial Activism acknowledges judges' power to promote new social policy by overturning precedent, while Judicial Restraint emphasizes limited judicial intervention. Therefore, the correct answer is Judicial Activism.

What is it called when a judge uses their position to promote a personal or political ends?

• Judicial Restraint

• Judicial Constitutionality

• Judicial Activism

• Judicial majority

Answer explanation

Judicial Activism occurs when a judge uses their authority to advance personal or political goals, often interpreting laws in a way that reflects their beliefs rather than adhering strictly to the law.

What was a result of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (GI Bill)?

• Investment in college foundations increased

• woman were promoted to higher military ranks

• More servicemen received vocational training

• Free housing was made available to veterans

Answer explanation

The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the GI Bill, significantly increased access to vocational training for returning servicemen, helping them transition to civilian life and gain new skills.

What can the US use as an economic tool to shape foreign policy decisions?

• Limiting immigration from belligerent nations

• providing health care workers to less developed nations

• refusing to cooperate on military exercises with other nations

• Imposing sanctions on irresponsible nations

Answer explanation

Imposing sanctions on irresponsible nations is a powerful economic tool that the US can use to influence foreign policy, as it directly affects the targeted nation's economy and can compel changes in behavior.

What were some of the results of the passing of the Civil Rights act of 1964?

Answer explanation

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, leading to increased legal protections for minorities and women, and significantly advancing the civil rights movement.

Which action is an example of Congress influencing foreign economic relations?

• Passing laws to regulate domestic banking

• Negotiating international treaties

• Imposing quotas on imported goods

• Appointing ambassadors to other countries

Answer explanation

Imposing quotas on imported goods is a direct way Congress influences foreign economic relations by controlling the amount of foreign products entering the market, affecting trade dynamics.