AP World History (AP Classroom Questions and Answers)

The sponsoring of scholarship by Turkic dynasties, such as the Timurids, best shows that, in the period circa 1200–1450, scholarly activities in the Muslim world continued despite the...

• conquest of Baghdad by the European Crusaders

• expansion of the Song dynasty into Muslim Central Asia

• Byzantine reconquest of Palestine and Lebanon

• fragmentation of the Abbasid Caliphate

Muslim scholars’ incorporation of cultural and intellectual influences from pre-Islamic societies can best be used as evidence that...

• most educated Muslims continued to speak European languages well into the fifteenth century

• European merchants had established trade outposts throughout Muslim Central Asia

• Muslim scientists rejected the contributions of scientists from other cultures as heretical

• Muslim states and empires were central to the processes of intellectual transfer in Eurasia

Muslim scientists in the period before 1450 c.e. generally participated in intellectual and scholarly exchanges with neighboring cultures by...

• being the recipients of funding from foreign rulers

• serving strictly as copyists of earlier works that otherwise would have been lost

• expanding upon the legacy of earlier scientific works by conducting their own research

• learning from the superior scientific knowledge of medieval western European scientists

The disintegration of the Abbasid Caliphate most directly led to which of the following political developments in the Islamic world in the thirteenth century?

• The Russian conquest of Central Asia

• The rise of Turkic states

• The conversion of most of the Islamic world to Shi‘a Islam

• The collapse of trade along the Silk Road networks

Despite the disintegration of the Abbasid Caliphate, Islam continued to spread across Afro-Eurasia in the period 1200–1450 primarily because of which of the following?

• The conquest of the Christian Crusader States in the Levant

• The activities of Sufi missionaries

• The voyages of the Muslim eunuch Zheng He

• The translation activities of Muslim scholars