Cultural Perspectives on Intelligence Quiz

Which of the following is the main argument of the article?

• Intelligence tests should include tests of social skills and responsibility.

• Test takers from any culture can learn the cognitive style required by Western intelligence tests.

• Intelligence tests cannot be free of cultural bias.

• More research is needed to develop an intelligence test that is valid for all cultures.

Choose the correct heading for section B from the list of headings below.

Choose the correct heading for section C from the list of headings below.

• The Chinese concept of intelligence

• The limitations of Western intelligence tests

• Views about intelligence in African societies

• Research into African community life

Choose the correct heading for section D from the list of headings below.

Which THREE of the following statements about non-verbal intelligence tests are mentioned by the writer of the passage? Tick them (✓).

• Many cognitive psychologists originally hoped tests could be developed free of cultural bias.

• The development of culturally neutral tests is unlikely.

• The creation of culturally-free tests is sometimes possible.

• Raven's Progressive Matrices are widely considered to be culturally free.

Choose the correct letter А, В, С or D.

• More research is needed to develop an intelligence test that is valid for all cultures.

• Intelligence tests cannot be free of cultural bias.

• Test takers from any culture can learn the cognitive style required by Western intelligence tests.

• Intelligence tests should include tests of social skills and responsibility.

The original hope of many cognitive psychologists was that a test could be developed that was absent of cultural bias. However, there seems to be an increasing weight of evidence to suggest that this is unlikely. This statement supports which of the following?

• The creation of culturally-free tests is sometimes possible.

• Raven's Progressive Matrices are widely considered to be culturally free.

• Cultural comparisons will allow the development of culturally neutral tests.

• The development of culturally neutral tests is unlikely.

In another study in the same community, Sternberg and Grogorenko have found that children who score highly on a test of knowledge about medicinal herbs, a test of practical intelligence, often score poorly on tests of academic intelligence. This suggests that practical and academic intelligence can develop independently of each other, and the values of a culture may shape the direction in which a child's intelligence develops. This statement supports which of the following?

• The development of culturally neutral tests is unlikely.

• The creation of culturally-free tests is sometimes possible.

• Cultural comparisons will allow the development of culturally neutral tests.

• Raven's Progressive Matrices are widely considered to be culturally free.

For example, Richard Nesbitt of the University of Michigan concludes that East Asian and Western cultures have developed cognitive styles that differ in fundamental ways, including how intelligence is understood. This statement supports which of the following?

• The development of culturally neutral tests is unlikely.

• Cultural comparisons will allow the development of culturally neutral tests.

• Raven's Progressive Matrices are widely considered to be culturally free.

• The creation of culturally-free tests is sometimes possible.

The distinction between East Asia and the West is just one of many distinctions that separate different ways of thinking about intelligence. This statement supports which of the following?

• Raven's Progressive Matrices are widely considered to be culturally free.

• The creation of culturally-free tests is sometimes possible.

• Cultural comparisons will allow the development of culturally neutral tests.

• The development of culturally neutral tests is unlikely.