Chapter 15: Genes and How They Work

One-Gene/One-Polypeptide Hypothesis states that?

• each gene encodes the structure for one enzyme

• each gene encodes the structure for two enzymes

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How is Prokaryotic differences from eukaryotic cells?

• The mRNA produced by transcription begins to be translated before transcription is finished; they are coupled.

• The mRNA produced by transcription begins to be translated before transcription is finished; they are not coupled.

Genes specify?

• DNA

• enzymes

• mutations

• nucleotides

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

When DNA in the gene is transcribed into an mRNA, this is called?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Central Dogma

• One-Gene/One-Polypeptide Hypothesis

The order of nucleotides in the DNA encodes the order of _____ in a polypeptide/protein

• nucleotides

• nitrogen bases

• amino acids

• codons

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The codon AUG is called a?

• stop codon

• start codon

• codon

• amino acid

When cells are unable to grow in a minimal medium.

• Nutritional mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• Reading Frame mutation

• Retromutation

Humans have only ____different amino acids; ____ possible combinations of nucleotides.

• 20, 20

• 64, 64

• 46, 20

• 20, 64

Crick's Experiment concluded?

• Each gene encodes the structure for one enzyme

• DNA is transcribed to make mRNA, which is translated to make a protein

• The genetic code is read in groups of 3 nucleotides

• Identified the amino acids for each of the 64 codons

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A mutation in which a base is added or deleted from the DNA sequence is called a?

• Frameshift mutation

• Reading Frame

• Genetic mutation

• One-Gene/One-Polypeptide Hypothesis

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2