Review of Absolutism & Revolutions (23-24)

What was NOT a major belief in the Enlightenment?

• new truths could be discovered through prayer

• everything could be explained using observation

• a belief in progress and that life should be enjoyed

• people are born with natural rights and personal freedoms

What was the OLD IDEA about the right to govern?

• a monarch's rule is justified by divine right

• a government's power comes from the consent of the governed

What was the NEW IDEA about the right to govern?

• a monarch's rule is justified by divine right

• a government's power comes from the consent of the governed

Who thought that humans were naturally cruel and selfish, and needed absolute ruler to keep order?

• Hobbes

• Locke

• Rousseau

• Wollstonecraft

Who believed that people were born with natural rights like life, liberty, and property?

• Locke

• Rousseau

• Montesquieu

• Wollstonecraft

Who believed in a direct democracy?

• Locke

• Hobbes

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

Which philosopher argued that women are naturally equal to men?

• Rousseau

• Montesquieu

• Napoleon

• Wollstonecraft

Who built the Palace of Versailles and was known as the Sun King?

• Peter the Great

• Louis XIV

• Napoleon

• Queen Elizabeth I

The following statements correctly describe the Three Estates of France?

• The First Estate was made of church officials.

• The Second Estate was made of the nobility, who held most of the important jobs in government.

• The Third Estate was the commoners, including the bourgeoisie, craftespeople, merchants, and peasants.

• All of the above are correct.

In France, what caused the Reign of Terror to end?

• the death of Robespierre

• the death of Louis XIV

• the death of Marie Antoinette

• it still hasn't ended