Natural Selection and Speciation Summative

Which of the following is the correct definition of natural selection?

• The idea that organisms less equipped for their environment tend to survive longer

• The idea that organisms more well equipped for their environment tend to survive longer

• The idea that organisms more well equipped for their environment tend to not survive

• None.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

• natural selection

• mutation

• camouflage

• adaptation

How do you "win" at natural selection?

• survive

• go extinct

• survive & reproduce

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

• the best adapted
• the fastest
• the strongest
• the most domesticated (tamed)

Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

the selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

individuals with alleles for an extreme type are more likely to survive and reproduce

• stabilizing selection

• directional selection

• disruptive selection

Ground finches born following a severe drought tend to have larger beaks (on average) than the previous generation.

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

Since the 1800s humans have stopped burning coal, and the trees have returned to their original color. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth
• Light moth
• Both will be equally successful
• Neither will be successful

To create a cow that produces a lot of milk a farmer would breed:

• Two cows that produce a lot of milk

• The biggest cow and the biggest bull

• A cow who produces a lot of milk and a bull who's mother produced a lot of milk