AP HUG Semester 1 Final

A formal region defines an area in which

• a core dominates its surrounding hinterland

• a transportation network links different types of land use

• there is uniformity in one or more physical or human characteristics

• there are significant geographic variations in physical or human characteristics

• a unified government system has been established

Which of the following describes a concern for a country with an aging population?

• As a country’s population ages, the life expectancy for the younger population of the country decreases and healthcare costs decline.

• As a country’s population ages, the infant mortality rate decreases and there is an increased need for daycare centers.

• As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population.

• As the proportion of older people in the country increases, the sex ratio becomes disproportionally skewed toward males.

• As the proportion of older people increases, the total population decreases because older people do not have children.

The map shows the number of people per unit of land. Which of the following types of data are shown in the map?

• Arithmetic density

• Physiological density

• Agricultural density

• Urban density

• Suburban density

Which scenario best explains the process of assimilation?

• A family immigrates to a new country, settles near others from their homeland, and conducts most of their day-to-day activities within their ethnic neighborhood.

• Despite the large number of historic churches in France, many French identify as nonreligious and believe that religion is a private matter.

• The island of Mauritius has large populations of Christians, Hindus, and Muslims. The constitution of Mauritius prohibits discrimination and protects freedom of religion.

• The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.

• Hinduism diffused from India to Bali, where it blended with traditional Balinese beliefs to create a form of Hinduism unique to Bali.

Which of the following is the primary assumption of environmental determinism?

• Human destiny is controlled by the cultural environment

• The physical environment has little influence on humans

• Humans have complete control over the physical environment

• Many human adaptations are possible within a specific physical environment

• The physical environment controls human culture

The state of California, often considered a hearth of environmental laws, will be the first state to ban plastic straws. Which of the following statements best describes the likely spread of this environmental practice?

• This practice will likely spread via hierarchical diffusion when the president of the United States signs an executive order banning plastic straws in all states

• This practice will likely spread via social media and stimulus diffusion when other states enact identical laws banning plastic straws

• As regional news organizations report on the ban, this practice will likely spread through contagious diffusion only to western states adjacent to California

• Strong lobbying by the plastics industry will likely curtail the diffusion of the ban, and this practice will be limited to California

• Similar environmental laws will likely spread through stimulus diffusion to other states via political activism

Which of the following explains the pattern of growth in City B relative to City A?

• City B is located in a less developed country and has high rates of rural-to-urban migration, whereas City A is located in a more developed country and has low rates of rural-to-urban migration.

• City A is located in a less developed country and has high rates of rural-to-urban migration, whereas City B is located in a more developed country and has low rates of rural-to-urban migration.

• City B is located in a less developed country and has a well-developed transportation system, whereas City A is located in a more developed country and has a limited transportation system.

• City A is located in a less developed country and has a well-developed transportation system, whereas City B is located in a more developed country and has a limited transportation system.

• City B is located in a more developed country and has a high number of urban amenities, whereas City A is located in a less developed country and has a limited number of urban amenities.

How does the map illustrate global diffusion of the French language from its cultural hearth in Paris?

• The map shows how French-language movies, music, and literature dominate global entertainment media.

• The map shows how France was an ancient-culture hearth from which the French language spread through expansion diffusion.

• The map shows how in many areas of the former French empire the language persists despite the independence of former colonies.

• The map shows how French civil servants established schools in many parts of the French colonial empire.

• The map shows how people’s love of French food has facilitated the spread of the French language to many parts of the world.

In which of the following contexts could a neo-Malthusian perspective most successfully explain population characteristics?

• A country experiencing population decline, where birth rates are low

• A country with a low rate of natural population increase, where a small percentage of citizens work in agriculture

• A country with a high rate of natural population increase, where food supplies are at risk

• A country experiencing significant out-migration, where economic conditions lead many job seekers to move to other countries

• A country recovering from an environmental disaster, where infrastructure must be rebuilt

The map above represents what kind of projection?

• A Mercator projection with distorted land areas

• A planar projection with diverging lines at the poles

• A homolosine projection with continuity of landmasses

• A Robinson projection with distortions at the equator

• A gnomonic projection with distortions of bodies of water