Leadership

The assumptions of the contingency approach to leadership include all of the following, except:

• Different situations require different styles of leadership.

• The leaders need to be able to understand the characteristics of the organizations they lead.

• Leaders do not need to adapt their behavior to fit the situation they lead.

• Leadership requires consideration of both trait and behavior approaches.

Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership suggests all of the following, except:

• Effective group performance is based on the match between the leader’s style and the degree to which the situation enables the leader to exert influence.

• It considers the leader’s style in terms of tasks and relationships.

• It considers key situational factors such as the degree of the task, the power of the follower in the situation, and the relationship with the follower.

• Relationship oriented leaders will be most effective when the situation provides control.

The path-goal theory proposes that a directive behavior will be most effective in all of the following circumstances, except:

• Where the demands of the task are ambiguous.

• Where procedures are clear.

• Where rules are unclear.

• Where employees are somewhat dogmatic.

Which of the following is not one of the new leadership characteristics?

• Self-confidence

• Creativity

• Intelligence

• Strength

Which of the following is not one of the practices that Kouzes and Posner (2012) believe that leaders engage in when they are at their best?

• Challenging the process

• Encouraging the heart

• Inspiring each person with their own personal vision

• Modeling the way

Ancona, director of MIT Leadership Center, believes all of the following are true about leadership, except:

• Each leader needs to call forth their most important qualities and adapt them to the situation they find themselves in.

• Leaders need the capacity to understand complex environments.

• Leadership involves many people, but each engages in single leadership.

• Leaders need to be able to draw out the most relevant lessons for the future of the organization.

. Ancona, director MIT Leadership Center, suggests that leadership is based on all of the following specific capabilities, except:

• Sensemaking

• Visioning

• Relating to others

• Investing

_____________ leadership advances the interests of both leader and follower, but there is no deep or enduring link between them.

• Transactional

• Transformational

• Moral

• Servant

Which of the following statements is not true of the transformational approach to leadership, according to Burns (1978)?

• Power is exercised when potential power wielders gather resources that enable them to influence others.

• Power is exercised to realize the purposes of the power wielders, whether or not those purposes also are the purposes of the respondents.

• The difference between power and leadership is that power serves the interests of the leader.

• Leadership is an aspect of power, but is a separate process.

_______________ leadership states that the organizational “bottom line” is less important than the leader’s capacity for honesty, integrity, character, or spirit.

• Shared

• Authentic

• Collaborative

• Value-based