багалау тестілеу аяк жагы 20 сурак

In norm-referenced testing, how is a student's performance typically reported?

• @@The student's response to tape-recorded stimuli.

• @@The student's ability to combine language elements.

• @@The student's proficiency level in the language.

• The student's ability to perform specific tasks.

• @@The student's score compared to other candidates.

What characterizes computer adaptive testing in language assessments?

• It presents all items to candidates in ascending order of difficulty.

• @@Candidates respond to as many items as possible regardless of difficulty.

• @@It measures communicative ability through oral interviews.

• @@It relies on subjective scoring for item difficulty estimation.

• It adjusts the difficulty of items based on candidates' previous responses.

Which type of testing sets meaningful standards based on what people can do, without comparing them to others?

• Norm-referenced testing

• @@Criterion-referenced testing

• @@Integrative testing

• @@Discrete point testing

• @@Direct testing

Which type of testing is presented as potentially offering more generalizable results, testing a representative sample of underlying abilities?

• @@Discrete point testing

• @@Integrative testing

• Norm-referenced testing

• @@Criterion-referenced testing

• @@Indirect testing

What is a characteristic of direct testing, especially when measuring productive skills like speaking and writing?

• @@It requires candidates to combine various language elements.

• It aims to measure abilities underlying the skills of interest.

• @@It relies on candidates' performance in authentic tasks.

• @@It uses paper and pencil tests to identify rhyming words.

• @@It often involves responding to tape-recorded stimuli.

  rhyming words.

In what context is the use of short-answer questions dismissed in the text?

• @@Large-scale testing

• @@Testing of productive skills

• @@Formal test scenarios

• @@ Assessment with critical result accuracy

• @@Computer-based testing

What is an advantage of gap filling items?

• @@Requires significant productive skills

• @@Scoring relies on individual judgment

• Allows for a variety of correct responses

• @@Potential for cheating is high

• @@Greater control over test takers

What is a critical instruction for test takers regarding gap filling items?

• @@Use contracts for greater flexibility

• Multiple words can be put in each gap

• @@No context needed for filling gaps

• @Only one word per gap

• @@Guessing is encouraged

~~Why may gap filling items be challenging for testing the past continuous tense?

• @@Quick and easy scoring

• Limited possibility of guessing

• Requires minimal writing

• @@No need for potential distractors

• High chance of correct response by chance

What is the main drawback of YES/NO and TRUE/FALSE items mentioned in the text?

• @@Limited options for candidates

• Requires a reason for each choice

• Low chance of correct response by chance

• @@Scoring is time-consuming

• @@Facilitates cheating