10-minute Quiz : Chapter 60 Green chemistry for the production o

Which of the following correctly states the aim of green chemistry?

• A. To design chemical products that can maximize profits
• B. To design chemical processes that can utilize inexpensive energy
• C. To design chemical products and processes that can work most efficiently
• D. To design safer chemical products and processes that can reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances

In green synthetic processes, catalysts are often used to minimize waste production. Which of the following substances can be considered as green catalysts?

• A. Heavy metal ions
• B. Concentrated acids
• C. Micro-organisms
• D. Metal oxides

Which of the following are considered as environmental benefits of implementing green chemistry practices?

(1) Fewer raw materials and natural resources will be used.

(2) Cleaner production technologies will be developed.

(3) Smaller volumes of pollutants and wastes will be disposed of.　

• A. (1) and (2) only
• B. (1) and (3) only
• C. (2) and (3) only
• D. (1), (2) and (3)

Refer to the chemical reaction as shown, which is involved in the production of hexanedioic acid. What is the atom economy of this reaction?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)

• A. 46.0%
• B. 67.0%
• C. 83.0%
• D. 90.0%

Soya bean oils are used to replace traditional petroleum-based inks in printer cartridges. Which of the following green chemistry principles has been adopted by the replacement?

• A. Using renewable feedstock
• B. Maximizing atom economy
• C. Reducing derivatives
• D. Designing for energy efficiency

Which of the following are advantages of using carbon dioxide over chlorofluorocarbons as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polystyrene foam?

(1) Carbon dioxide is non-volatile.

(2) Carbon dioxide is non-flammable and non-toxic.

(3) Carbon dioxide does not deplete the ozone layer in the atmosphere.　

• A. (1) and (2) only
• B. (1) and (3) only
• C. (2) and (3) only
• D. (1), (2) and (3)

Which of the following chemicals is NOT a volatile organic compound?

• A. Benzene
• B. Ethanol
• C. Glycerol
• D. Dichloromethane

Which of the following statements CANNOT explain why the yield of a chemical reaction can be smaller than 100%?

• A. The reaction is endothermic and requires a significant amount of energy to complete.
• B. The reaction is reversible and does not proceed to completion.
• C. Some of the reactants may undergo unexpected reactions.
• D. Some of the products may be lost during the separation from the reaction mixture.

Direction: Questions 9 and 10 refer to the two synthetic routes of adipic acid.

Referring to the synthetic routes in the diagram, which of the following statements concerning Route I is INCORRECT?

• A. It is considered to be green because it uses catalysts (e.g. Cu, Co and Mn salts).
• B. It is considered to be green because the oxidizing agent (HNO₃) is not hazardous.
• C. It is not considered to be green because the by-product (N₂O) formed is a greenhouse gas.
• D. It is not considered to be green because the catalyst (NH₄VO₃) used is a mutagen.

Direction: Questions 9 and 10 refer to the two synthetic routes of adipic acid.

Referring to the synthetic routes in the diagram, which of the following statements correctly explain why Route II is considered to be greener?

(1) It has higher energy efficiency.

(2) It has higher atom economy.

(3) The oxidizing agent (O₃) causes no harm to the environment.

• A. (1) and (2) only
• B. (1) and (3) only
• C. (2) and (3) only
• D. (1), (2) and (3)