Cognition Lesson 2 Vocab Review

A situation in which a person has a goal that is not yet accomplished

• Fixation

• Problem

• algorithm

• problem space

A tendency to approach a problem in a way that has worked in the past

• Algorithm

• Working backward

• Means-end analysis

• Mental Set

All possible configurations of steps towards solving a problem

• Hill-climbing

• Working backward

• Problem space

• Analogical problem solving

The inability to see a problem from a new perspective

• Incubation

• Problem

• Algorithm

• Fixation

A process or set of steps to solve a problem

• Algorithm

• Analogical problem solving

• Divergent Thinking

• Convergent Thinking

When a problem solver sets aside an unsolved problem and thinks about something else

• Divergent Thinking

• Incubation

• Working backward

• Convergent Thinking

A type of problem-solving algorithm in which the problem solver takes small steps, evaluating each step whether it brings them closer to the solution

• Working backward

• Convergent Thinking

• Hill-climbing

• Divergent Thinking

Solving a problem by using an analogy to a similar problem for which a solution is known

• Analogical problem solving

• Working backward

• Means-end analysis

• Divergent thinking

A problem-solving algorithm which goes from the solution and takes steps backwards to arrive at the steps toward a solution

• Means-end analysis

• Convergent thinking

• Working backward

• Divergent thinking

Problems in which the problem solver comes to the solution all at once, not gradually

• Incubation

• Insight problems

• Hill-climbing

• Means-end analysis