Chapter 6 Review

Match the scientists to their contribution to the history of the periodic table.

• Dmitri Mendeleev

• Also created a periodic table, but later than the man we usually give credit to.

• John Newlands

• Created the first modern periodic table, and published before the other man we discussed.

• Henry Moseley

• Discovered atomic numbers and rearranged the periodic table.

• Antoine Lavoisier

• Created a table of 33 "simple substances" featuring gasses, metals, nonmetals, and earths.

• Lothar Meyer

• Created the Law of Octaves, where every 8th element repeated properties.

For what TWO reasons was the law of octaves largely ignored initially?

• We didn't have enough elements to verify if it was true or not.

• Scientists didn't like being compared to music.

• The law of octaves didn't work for larger elements.

• Newlands never published his ideas, only spoke about them privately.

What information did Mendeleev use to organize his periodic table?

• Elements with similar properties were in the same group/column.

• Elements with similar subatomic structures were in the same period/row.

• Elements were organized by increasing atomic mass.

• Elements were organized by increasing atomic number.

With our modern periodic table, elements in the same ​ (a)   have similar chemical properties, while elements in the same ​ (b)   have the same number of energy levels for their electrons.

• group
• period
• electrons
• protons

WHY do elements in the same group show similar chemical properties?

• Because they are in the same group.

• Because they have the same number of protons.

• Because they have the same number of valence electrons.

• Because they have the same orbitals.

Match the properties of the following groups of elements to their name.

• Halogens

• Very reactive metals, but not the most reactive.

• Alkali Metals

• The most reactive nonmetals, they have indicative colors when in gaseous form.

• Noble Gasses

• Nonreactive nonmetals with full valence shells.

• Alkaline Earth Metals

• The most reactive metals, never found pure in nature.

Put each element into the right group.

Groups:

(a) Alkali Metals

,

(b) Alkaline Earth Metals

,

(c) Halogens

,

(d) Noble Gasses

• Iodine

• Argon

• Sodium

• Calcium

Match the following types of elements to their properties.

• Metalloids

• Gasses or brittle solids, dull, poor conductors.

• Nonmetals

• Between or a mix of the properties of metals and nonmetals.

• Metals

• Malleable and ductile, lustrous, good conductors.

Say whether each element is a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid.

Groups:

(a) Metal

,

(b) Nonmetal

,

(c) Metalloid

• Antimony

• Potassium

• Arsenic

• Krypton

• Cobalt

• Hydrogen

Place the types of elements where they can be found.

a

b

c

d

Transition Metals

Nonmetals

Inner Transition Metals

Metals

Answer explanation

Metals are found to the LEFT of the metalloid staircase. Nonmetals to the right of it.

Transition metals are the ones in groups 3 through 12, while the INNER transition metals are usually written below the periodic table.