Murmurs and Arrhythmias

A dog presents with an irregularly irregular heart rhythm and no P waves on ECG - What is the most likely cause?

• Ventricular fibrillation

• Second degree AV block

• Sinus arrhythmia

• Atrial fibrillation

Second degree AV block is always a pathological finding in a horse

• True

• False

What is the term given to a fast, four beat heart rhythm?

• Tachyarrhythmia

• Tachycardia

• Canter

• Gallop

A left-sided heart murmur is most likely to be associated with the tricuspid valve

• True

• False

What arrhythmia is rarely seen in animals but can be treated by defibrillation?

• Ventricular tachycardia

• Atrial pre-mature complex

• Atrial fibrillation

• Sick sinus syndrome