Topic 3.2 Revision Quiz

Carbohydrates are important for muscular contraction during hill walking. Describe the role of insulin on glucose uptake when walking.

Answer explanation

• -insulin is released from pancreas <beta cells> in response to elevated levels of blood glucose;

-insulin promotes glycogenesis;

this process maintains blood glucose homeostasis;

-if glycogen storage sites are full, insulin stores glucose as adipose tissue <through lipogenesis>;

during exercise insulin release is inhibited/ decreases due to the sympathetic nervous system operating;

-exercise enhances transport of glucose across the cell membrane ;

-insulin enhances glycolysis which is useful when walking;

During the 20 km hike, the hiker stops briefly to have a sandwich for lunch.

Discuss the effects of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake in the hiker’s leg muscles.

Answer explanation

eating will stimulate the release of insulin / glycogenesis✔

insulin increases the uptake of glucose to be stored as glycogen ✔

muscle contraction / 20 km hike will stimulate the uptake of glucose ✔

the pathway via exercise is different / phosphorylases the glucose / allows for the glucose to be used rather than stored ✔

the effects of the muscular contractions during the hike will persist into early post-exercise in order to restore glucose stores ✔

exercise inhibits the release of insulin ✔

Which is formed from a catabolic reaction?

• Glucose

• Glycogen

• Adipose tissue

• Protein

Which process occurs when blood glucose levels are decreased?

• Glycolysis

• Lipolysis

• Glycogenolysis

• Glycogenesis

What is a function of adrenaline?

• Increases stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system

• Increases heart rate

• Decreases glycogenolysis

• Decreases heart rate

What type of process is lipolysis?

• Aerobic anabolism

• Anaerobic anabolism

• Aerobic catabolism

• Anaerobic catabolism