APUSH 6.5 ~ Technological Innovation (Heimler)

What invention by Samuel Morse allowed communication to travel long distances at the speed of electricity?

• Television

• Radio

• Telegraph

• Telephone

Who invented the Bessemer Process, which involved blasting air through molten iron to produce higher-quality steel?

• Alexander Graham Bell

• Thomas Edison

• Henry Bessemer

• Henry Ford

What invention by Alexander Graham Bell furthered the improvements in communication and connectivity?

• Telephone

• Telegraph

• Television

• Radio

What did railroads give a quick and easy means of transporting, which created a national market for?

• Services

• Information

• People

• Goods

Which of the following contexts best explains the increase in violent conflicts in the western United States in the late 1800s?

• The increase in migration by White settlers

• The regulation of industrial production by the federal government

• The recognition by federal courts of labor union bargaining rights

• The ban on immigration from eastern Asia

Farmers generally responded to industrialization in the late nineteenth century in which of the following ways?

• They rejected the mechanization of agriculture in order to avoid farm workers becoming unemployed.

• They demanded legislation to reduce immigration so as to minimize competition for farmland.

• They backed political movements calling for limits on corporate power and government ownership of transportation.

• They challenged federal policies that set aside western land to establish reservations for American Indians.

Which of the following best explains a key reason for rapid economic development during the Gilded Age?

• The adoption of beliefs of Social Darwinism helped justify inequalities of wealth.

• The creation of the sharecropping system improved agricultural production.

• The consolidation of large industries facilitated mass production.

• The growth of Populist political platforms encouraged economic reform.

Which of the following explains a continuity in the effect of technological innovation on the production of goods in the late 1800s?

• Improved manufacturing practices gradually reduced reliance on immigrant workers.

• Improved quality of manufacturing steadily decreased demand for consumer goods.

• New types of transportation increasingly shifted industrial centers from the North to the South.

• New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make.

Which of the following explains a connection between the ability of Americans to gain access to natural resources in the early 1800s and in the late 1800s?

• In both periods, the expansion of power over western North America gave the United States control over more natural resources.

• In both periods, the United States imported more natural resources after claiming overseas colonies through the Monroe Doctrine.

• In both periods, the United States acquired more natural resources by increasing peaceful trade with American Indian groups.

• In both periods, the forced migration of enslaved people provided labor for extracting natural resources in United States mining towns.

The role of new technology in economic change in the late 1800s was most similar to the role of technology in which of the following earlier situations?

• The fur trade developed in the 1600s, fostering new forms of interactions between peoples.

• Trans-Atlantic commerce grew in the colonial era, taking advantage of navigational innovations.

• Manufacturing spread in the early 1800s, allowing more efficient production.

• Sharecropping emerged in the Reconstruction era, channeling farmers into new labor systems.