Motivations

The hierarchy of needs was developed by which of the following?

• Harry Harlow

• Abraham Maslow

• Charles Darwin

• Sigmund Freud

What are the four theories of motivation?

• Moral Development Theory, Instinct Theory, Incentive Theory, & Social Learning Theory

• Cognitive Development Theory, Sociocultural Theory, Social Learning Theory, & Moral Development Theory

• Theory of Evolution, Theory of Inheritance, Theory of Natural Selection, & Theory of Genetics

• Instinct Theory, Drive-Reduction Theory, Incentive Theory, & Cognitive Theory

The need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.

• Biological Theory

• Drive-Reduction Theory

• Motivation

• Cognitive Theory

Which perspective explores genetic influences on complex behaviors.

• Biological

• Humanistic

• Evolutionary

• Social-Cultural

Of the following, which theory of motivation emphasizes the urge for an optimal level of stimulation?

• Evolutionary

• Incentive

• Arousal

• Frustration-Aggression

• Instinct

According to Abraham Maslow, developing one's potential to its fullest extent results in...

• self-esteem

• safety

• belongingness

• self-actualization

Birds of particular species all build the same style of nest, even if they have never seen another bird build one.

This behavior is BEST explained by which of the following?

• instinct

• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

• Divergent thinking.

• Drive-reduction theory.

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law which of the following is TRUE?

• For most tasks, moderate arousal is best.

• No matter what type of task, high arousal is always best.

• A difficult task is usually best performed if the level of arousal is high.

• An easy task is usually best performed if the level of arousal is low.

Motivation is defined by psychologists as

• an impulse to accomplish something of significance.

• rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.

• a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

• the cause of behavior.

The most basic or lowest-level need in Maslow's hierarchy of human motives includes

the need for

• self-esteem.

• love and friendship.

• religious fulfillment.

• food and water.