geology

seek to understand the Earth and its neighbors in space.Includes geology,oceanography,meteorology,astronomy

Study of the Earth

resistance of a mineral surface to scratching

Study of oceans in all its aspects and relationships

Study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate

Study of the universe

Processes that operate on and below the Earth's surface

Origin of the Earth and it's evolution

Aristotle and other Greek Philosophers wrote about fossils,gems,earthquakes and volcanoes

James Ussher constructed a chronology of human and Earth history