A Brief History of the Scramble for Africa

What is Africa surrounded by?

• The Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west

• The Red Sea to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west

• The Atlantic Ocean to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the southeast, and the Indian Ocean to the west

• The Pacific Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and the Indian Ocean to the west

What was the main reason for the Scramble for Africa?

• To explore the Sahara Desert

• To find the source of the Nile

• To establish trade routes with West Africa

• To decide the borders of African countries by European nations

Who was the first to establish contact with the Kongo Kingdom?

• Henry Morton Stanley

• David Livingstone

• Diego Cao

• King Leopold II

What was traded by the Portuguese in exchange for slaves?

• Guns, cloth, and other European luxuries

• Gold, salt, and spices

• Rubber, palm oil, and diamonds

• Coffee, sugar, and tobacco

Which European country established the first settlement in the south of Africa?

• Portugal

• France

• The Dutch East India Company

• Britain

What led to the Great Trek in 1835?

• The war of conquest against Algeria

• The establishment of the Cape of Good Hope

• The discovery of diamonds

• The abolition of slavery

Which country was established by freed slaves and Freeborn blacks from the United States?

• South Africa

• Liberia

• Congo

• Ethiopia

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

• To establish a free trade area in the Congo

• To distribute slaves among European countries

• To explore the interior of Africa

• To discuss how European countries would claim colonial land in Africa and avoid war between them

Which weapon gave Europeans a significant advantage in colonizing Africa?

• The longbow

• The cannon

• The machine gun

• The rifle

Which two African entities remained independent by 1914?

• Nigeria and Congo

• South Africa and Ethiopia

• Ethiopia and Liberia

• Congo and Liberia