Genetic Drift and Gene Flow Review Quiz

Which of the following best describes genetic drift?

• A process by which allele frequencies in a population change due to migration.

• A mechanism of evolution that occurs when an organism's traits are inherited by its offspring.

• A change in allele frequencies in a population due to chance events.

• The transfer of alleles from one population to another, leading to changes in allele frequencies.

What is the founder effect?

• The loss of genetic variation when a new colony is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.

• The process by which new species are created from existing species.

• The increase in genetic variation due to the introduction of new alleles into a population.

• The effect of natural selection on a population's genetic variation.

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Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting genetic drift?

• Population size

• Mutation rate

• Migration patterns

• Selection pressure

Gene flow can occur through which of the following mechanisms?

• Natural selection

• Genetic mutation

• Migration of individuals between populations

• Random mating

How does gene flow affect the genetic diversity of a population?

• It decreases genetic diversity by removing alleles from a population.

• It increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles into a population.

• It has no effect on genetic diversity.

• It decreases genetic diversity by promoting inbreeding.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

The bottleneck effect is a type of genetic drift that occurs when:

• A large population migrates to a new habitat.

• A population's size is significantly reduced for at least one generation.

• New individuals are born with mutations.

• A population splits into two or more isolated groups.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which of the following scenarios is an example of gene flow?

• A flood drastically reduces the number of a certain fish species in a lake.

• Pollen from genetically modified crops drifts to nearby organic crops.

• A mutation occurs in a lizard population, causing a new color variation.

• A predator species is introduced into an ecosystem, changing the prey species' behaviors.

What role does genetic drift play in evolution?

• It increases the fitness of individuals in a population.

• It decreases genetic variation within populations but increases genetic variation between populations.

• It ensures that advantageous traits become more common in a population.

• It has no role in evolution.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

In small populations, genetic drift can lead to:

• Increased genetic diversity.

• Decreased likelihood of inbreeding.

• Fixation of alleles.

• Stabilizing selection.

Gene flow is most likely to occur between populations that are:

• Geographically isolated.

• Genetically identical.

• Physically close and interbreeding.

• Subject to different selection pressures.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2