Geology and Volcanoes Quiz

What does viscosity refer to in the context of geology?

• The color of volcanic rocks

• The resistance to flow

• The temperature of magma

• The age of a volcano

Which factor increases the violence of a volcanic eruption?

• Higher silica content in magma

• Higher temperature of magma

• Lower amount of volatiles in magma

• Lower iron content in magma

Which type of volcano is characterized by mild eruptions and forms the Hawaiian Islands?

• Strato-volcanic

• Cinder cone

• Shield

• Composite

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a cinder cone volcano?

• Tall (25,000ft) and large base

• Very small 200m high 300m at base

• 50,000 - 700,000 year life

• Composed of andesite lava flow

What is a lahar?

• A type of lava that flows underwater

• A hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flows down the slopes of a volcano

• A large volcanic crater formed by a major eruption leading to the collapse of the mouth of the volcano

• A broad plateau formed when basaltic lava flows out of long fissures instead of central vents

What are lapilli?

• Large volcanic rocks ejected during an eruption

• Small basaltic rocks found on the ocean floor

• Somewhat larger pyroclasts that range in size from small beads to walnuts

• The molten rock that is expelled from a volcano during an eruption

What is the main cause of hot spots in volcanic activity?

• Movement of tectonic plates over a stationary pool of magma

• The subduction of one tectonic plate under another

• The collision of two continental plates

• The squeezing out of lava through a vent in a volcano

Which of the following volcanoes is an example of a dormant volcano?

• Mauna Loa

• Kilauea

• Merapi

• Vesuvius

What does the term "sorting" refer to in the context of sedimentary rocks?

• The color of the rocks

• How fine to coarse grain sediments are distributed and how they will eventually lithify into sedimentary rock

• The process of erosion

• The classification of rocks by age

Which of the following environments is NOT listed as a type of sedimentary environment?

• Continental

• Transition

• Marine

• Volcanic