Education and marketisation

What does the marketization of education refer to?

• The elimination of standardized testing

• The application of market principles to the education system

• The privatization of all educational institutions

• The government's sole control over the education system

Answer explanation

The marketization of education refers to the application of market principles to the education system, allowing for competition, choice, and efficiency.

Which act began the development of the education market in the UK?

• The School Standards and Framework Act of 1998

• The Higher Education Act of 1992

• The Education Reform Act of 1988

• The Education Act of 2000

Answer explanation

The Education Reform Act of 1988 began the development of the education market in the UK.

What was one of the main features introduced by the Education Reform Act of 1988?

• Mandatory school uniforms

• Ban on private schools

• Introduction of student loans

• Open enrollment in schools

Answer explanation

The main feature introduced by the Education Reform Act of 1988 was open enrollment in schools, allowing parents to choose which school their child attends.

What is the purpose of promoting competition between educational providers?

• To decrease the number of schools and colleges

• To ensure all students attend the same type of school

• To increase government funding for education

• To strive to be the best choice for students by offering better resources and opportunities

Answer explanation

The purpose of promoting competition between educational providers is to strive to be the best choice for students by offering better resources and opportunities.

Which government continued the marketization of education after the Conservative government?

• The New Labour government

• The Green Party

• The Liberal Democrats

• The Brexit Party

Answer explanation

The New Labour government continued the marketization of education after the Conservative government.

What did the introduction of city academies aim to achieve?

• Reduce the number of schools in inner city areas

• Eliminate private funding in education

• Create more choice and tackle inequality

• Decrease educational standards

Answer explanation

The introduction of city academies aimed to create more choice and tackle inequality, not reduce the number of schools, eliminate private funding, or decrease educational standards.

What was a criticism of marketization according to sociologists like Stephen Ball?

• It increased the quality of education for all students

• It served those with the cultural capital to negotiate it, primarily the middle class

• It decreased the choice of schools available to parents and students

• It made education less competitive

Answer explanation

Marketization primarily benefited the middle class who had the cultural capital to navigate it, as criticized by sociologists like Stephen Ball.

What policy did the coalition government introduce to expand competition between schools?

• Decreasing university tuition fees

• Elimination of the national curriculum

• Introduction of pupil premiums

• Banning of standardized testing

Answer explanation

The correct policy introduced by the coalition government to expand competition between schools was the introduction of pupil premiums.

What impact has marketization had on university attendance?

• Remained the same

• Decreased significantly

• Increased with more students attending from overseas

• Only elite students are now able to attend

Answer explanation

Marketization has led to an increase in university attendance, with more students attending from overseas.

What is a consequence of the 'teaching to the test' criticism of marketization?

• It reduces the number of exams students must take

• It leads to a more diverse curriculum

• Students develop deeper knowledge and higher order thinking skills

• It may not develop deeper knowledge and higher order thinking skills

Answer explanation

The consequence of 'teaching to the test' criticism of marketization is that it may not develop deeper knowledge and higher order thinking skills.