Spring 2024 Mid-term Ch. 16-19

A key factor in the rise of the Gilded Age was

• the growth of industrialism in the United States.
• urban political reform.
• the separation of business and politics.
• massive government programs to help the poor.

The theory of social Darwinism held that

• certain inequities should be ameliorated by government intervention.
• Charles Darwin actually was writing about people when he authored On the Origin of Species.
• progress is the result of competition, and that social reforms and other modes of human interference impede progress.
• inequality is both natural and cyclical.

After Reconstruction, solid South, referred to

• the states of the old Confederacy, which voted Republican in every election for the next seventy years.
• the states of the old Confederacy, which voted Democratic in every election for the next seventy years.
• four southern states that voted as a bloc over the next decade.
• the states of the old Confederacy, which continued to lobby for the reinstitution of slavery.

In the three decades after 1870, hundreds of thousands of Americans migrated to the West to

• find work in the steel industry.
• own their own land.
• secure territorial appointments in government.
• earn wages in the expanding agribusiness sector of the economy.

Of the workforce that built America's first transcontinental railroad, Chinese laborers made up

• 20 percent.
• 50 percent.
• 90 percent.
• 100 percent.

General William Tecumseh Sherman summed up the U.S. government's policy toward Native Americans when he wrote:

• “They should be exterminated.”
• “Remove all to a safe place and then reduce them to a helpless condition.”
• “Remove them from the path of white settlement by any means possible.”
• “The only good Indian is an Indian confined to a reservation.”

Beginning in the 1880s, new immigrants to America typically came from

• northern and western Europe.
• western Europe almost exclusively.
• southern Europe almost exclusively.
• eastern and southern Europe.

Samuel Gompers, the founder of the American Federation of Labor,

• called for a union that would include skilled and unskilled workers.
• worked to elect pro-labor politicians.
• focused on higher pay and better working conditions.
• opposed strikes.

Throughout much of the nineteenth century, middle-class American women were confined by a cultural ideology that dictated that they

• work outside the home to make ends meet.
• integrate workplace and home as much as possible.
• make their household a separate sphere.
• extend their sphere of influence to include charity work.

At the root of farmers' dissatisfaction in the late nineteenth century were

• banking, railroads, and speculation.
• weather and mechanization.
• laws that limited the size of family farms.
• the abolition of slavery and the labor system that took its place.