CIE AS Level Carboxylic Acid Chemistry

Which formula represents an ester which will form sodium ethanoate on hydrolysis with aqueous sodium hydroxide?

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Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

The ester CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂CH₃ is responsible for the aroma of apples. When this ester is hydrolysed by acid in the stomach, what is the empirical formula of the organic acid produced?

• CH₂O

• CH₄O

• C₂H₄O

• C₃H₆O₂

Which reaction would not give ethanoic acid as a product?

• Heating ethanenitrile under reflux with dilute sodium hydroxide

• Heating ethanenitrile under reflux with dilute sulfuric acid

• Heating ethanol under reflux with acidified sodium dichromate(VI)

• Heating ethanol under reflux with acidified sodium dichromate(VI)

A compound Y has the following properties: - It is a liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. - It does not mix completely with water. - It does not give steamy fumes with PCl₅. What could Y be?

• Ethane

• Ethanoic acid

• Ethanol

• Ethyl ethanoate

A common industrial solvent is a mixture of propanone, CH₃COCH₃, and pentyl ethanoate CH₃CO₂(CH₂)₄CH₃. Which reagent would have no reaction with this industrial solvent?

• HCl (aq)

• HCN(aq) with a little KCN

• NaBH4

• Na(s)

Lactic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic acid), CH₃CH(OH)CO₂H, is found in sour milk. Which reaction could occur with lactic acid?

• CH₃CH(OH)CO₂H + CH₃OH → CH₃CH(OCH₃)CO₂H + H₂O

• CH₃CH(OH)CO₂H + HCO₂H → CH₃CH(O₂CH)CO₂H + H₂O

• CH₃CH(OH)CO₂H + NaOH → CH₃CH(ONa)CO₂H + H₂O + CO₂

• CH₃CH(OH)CO₂H + Cl₂ → CH₃CH(Cl)CO₂H + HOCl

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Energy is released in the human body by the oxidation of glucose in a complex sequence of reactions. Part of this sequence is the Krebs cycle. One reaction in the Krebs cycle is the conversion of fumaric acid into malic acid.

Which reagents could achieve this transformation in the laboratory?

• acidified KMnO₄

• Br₂(aq) followed by hot NaOH(aq)

• H₂O with Pt catalyst

• steam with H₂SO₄

Which pair of substances could react to give the ester CH₃CH₂CO₂CH₃?

• ethanol and ethanoic acid

• methanol and ethanoic acid

• methanol and propanoic acid

• propan-1-ol and methanoic acid

Which reagent reacts with ethanol and also reacts with ethanoic acid?

• acidified potassium dichromate(VI)

• sodium

• sodium carbonate

• sodium hydroxide

Bees use 2-methylbutyl ethanoate as an 'alarm' pheromone to alert other bees. Which starting materials would be required to synthesise 2-methylbutyl ethanoate?

• CH₃CH₂OH and CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CO₂H

• CH₃CO₂H and CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂OH

• CH₃CH₂OH and CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂CO₂H

• CH₃CO₂H and CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH₂CO₂H