MCQ Based on Nocturnal Hypertension

According to ESH 2023 guidelines how can nocturnal hypertension be diagnosed?

• Office blood pressure measurements

• 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with ABPM

• Blood tests

• Physical examination

What is nocturnal hypertension?

• Elevated blood pressure that occurs during the day

• Elevated blood pressure that occurs at night

• Elevated blood pressure that occurs after exercise

• Elevated blood pressure that occurs after meals

Which of the following is a complication of nocturnal hypertension?

• Reduced risk of kidney failure

• Reduced risk of stroke

• Increased risk of heart attack

• Decreased risk of cognitive decline

What is the term for the normal decrease in blood pressure that occurs overnight?

• Dipper

• Non-dipper

• Riser

• Reverse dipper

Which of the following is a risk factor for nocturnal hypertension?

• Adequate sleep

• Low sodium intake

• Active lifestyle

• Overweight

What is a possible way to diagnose nocturnal hypertension?

• Increased daytime urination frequency

• Decreased nighttime urination frequency

• Increased nighttime urination frequency

• No change in urination frequency

Which of the following is a symptom of nocturnal hypertension?

• High blood pressure during the day

• Frequent awakening from sleep at night

• Increased blood pressure after meals

• Increased blood pressure after exercise

What is the term used to describe an abnormal situation in which blood pressure does not decrease (remains the same) as much as it should at night?

• Dipper

• Non-dipper

• Riser

• Reverse dipper

What is the normal variation in blood pressure at night?

• 0-10% decrease

• 10-20% decrease

• 10-20% variation

• 10-20% stability

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of nocturnal hypertension?

• Daytime sleepiness

• Frequent awakening from sleep at night

• Increased nighttime urination frequency

• Decreased blood pressure at night