Phylogenetic & Geologic Time

According to this phylogenetic tree, which creature is the least related out of all pictured?

• Fish

• Frog

• Salamander

• Human

The earth is ______________of years old

• Hundreds

• Millions

• Billions

• Trillions

The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?

• old geologists
• sweet geology music
• the known history of rocks and fossils
• a list of every living thing ever

The Miller-Urey experiment of 1953 was designed to test the hypothesis that lightning supplied the energy needed to turn atmospheric gases into organic molecules such as amino acids. Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?

• Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today.

• Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations.

• The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory. 

• No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced.

Phylogeny is usually represented by a tree diagram called a _________ - _____

• Genetic Line

• Phylogenetic Tree

• Photographic Queue

• Future Babies

What number is the common ancestor of C and D

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

On a phylogenetic tree, what do the branch lengths represent?

• The age of the organisms

• amount of genetic change since divergence

• amount of genetic change since convergence

• The age of divergence

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

• Saurischian dinosaurs

• Ornithischian dinosaurs

• Crocodiles

• None of these are related to birds

Match the following vocabulary words with the correct definition

• fossil

• A way to estimate the age of a fossil by comparing its position in a rock layer

• Relative Dating

• A way to determine the age of a fossil by measuring the amount of radioactive elements in it

• Geological Time Scale

• The record of Earth's history based on the types of organisms that lived at different times

• Radioactive Dating

• The remains of an organism that lived a long time ago