7 Energy cells

Which of the following types of organisms do NOT depend on mitochondria to survive?

• humans

• bacteria

• protists

• fungus

• plants

For a molecule to be reduced, it gains electrons from the environment. How else is a molecule reduced?

• gaining hydrogen atoms

• losing hydrogen atoms

• gaining oxygen atoms

• losing oxygen atoms

• both losing hydrogen atoms and gaining oxygen atoms

Where would you expect to find proteins responsible for transporting glucose into the cell?

• plasma membrane of the cell

• inner mitochondrial membrane

• outer mitochondrial membrane

• nuclear membrane

• lysosomal membrane

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which _?_.

• high energy NADH is made to supply the cell with its needed energy

• a final electron acceptor is used indirectly to facilitate the production of ATP

• ATP is made using high energy intermediates of cellular respiration

• specific enzymes are regulated to control cellular respiration

• NAD+ is regenerated to allow glycolysis to continue

Which answer best describes energy flow in biological systems as described in the text?

• glucose -> G3P -> NADH -> ATP

• bacteria -> archaea -> plants -> animals

• NAD+ -> NADH -> ADP -> ATP

• G3P -> glucose -> ATP -> NAD+

• pyruvate oxidation -> glycolysis -> fermentation -> citric acid cycle

If the inner membrane of the mitochondria were compromised in some way, what effect would this have on cellular respiration?

• The transport of electrons across the inner mitochondrial membrane would not occur.

• The proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane would dissipate.

• The ATP synthase enzyme would be denatured.

• The cell would generate more ATP than before.

• ATP would no longer be made anywhere in the cell by any mechanism.

Which of the following substances is not produced at some point during glycolysis?

• ADP

• ATP

• NAD+

• NADH

• pyruvic acid

The various steps of glycolysis require a number of enzymes and small molecules. Which of the following molecules are NOT required for glycolysis to take place?

• FAD

• NAD+

• ATP

• ADP

• phosphofructokinase

Which enzyme in the glycolysis pathway acts as a switch that can be regulated by ATP, ADP, and NADH?

• pyruvate kinase

• triosephosphate isomerase

• aldolase

• ATP synthase

• phosphofructokinase

What directly supplies the energy for oxidative phosphorylation?

• ATP

• NADH

• glucose

• proton gradient

• ATP synthase