dscvvc

upper) or the ―green belt‖ of chlorophyll-containing plants in which the fixation of light energy, the utilization of simple organic substances

• autotrophic stratum

• heterotrophic stratum

– both populations actively inhibit each other

• competition, resource use type

• commensalism

• competition, direct interference type

neither population is affected by association with the other

• neutralism

• amensalism

• mutualism

decomposers (mainly bacteria and fungi), these are heterotrophic organisms that obtain their energy by breaking down dead tissues or by absorbing dissolved organic matter (DOM) from plants and animals.

• phagotrophs

• ) saprotrophs

rooted or large floating plants

• macrophytes

• phytoplankton)

heterotrophic organisms (animals), they ingest other organisms or particulate organic matter;

• saprotrophs

• phagotrophs